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Earth Science CH5

Mineral's of Earth's Crust

QuestionAnswer
Mineral a natural, usually inorganic solid that has a characteristic chemical composition, an orderly internal structure, and a characteristic set of physical properties.
Silicate Mineral A mineral that contains a combination of silicon and oxygen, and that may also contain one or more metals.
Nonsilicate Mineral A mineral that does not contain compounds of silicon and oxygen.
Crystal A solid whose atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a regular, repeating pattern.
Silicon-Oxygen Tetrahedron The basic unit of the structure of silicate minerals; a silicon ion chemically bonded to and surrounded by four oxygen ions.
Isolated Tetrahedra Do not link with other silicon or oxygen atoms
Single-Chain Silicates Form a chain by sharing oxygen atoms
Double-Chain Silicates Form when two single-chains of tetrahedra bond to each other.
Sheet Silicates Form when each tetrahedron shares three of its oxygen atoms with other tetrahedra.
Framework Silicates Form when each tetrahedron is bonded to four other tetrahedra
Mineralogist A person who examines, analyzes, and classifies minerals
Streak The color of mineral in powdered form
Luster The way in which a mineral reflects light
Cleavage In geology, the tendency of a mineral to split along specific planes of weakness to form smooth, flat surfaces
Fracture The manner in which a mineralbreaks along either curved or irregular surfaces
Mohs Hardness Scale The standard scale against which the hardness of minerals is rated.
Density The ration of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance
Created by: brittneymr
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