Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Nutrition
test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| malnutrition | a lack of proper nutrition in the diet |
| calories | one way to express the energy value of food |
| healthy adults require how many daily calories | 1800-3000 a day |
| proteins are composed of | amino acids |
| how many essential amino acids are there? | nine |
| essential amino acids | cannot be produced by the body; must be obtained from food sources |
| non essential amino acids | produced by the body |
| two sources for proteins | animal and plant |
| how many essential proteins do animal sources provide? | all nine |
| how many essential amino acids do plant sources provide? | they contain only some of the nine, so they are considered incomplete protein sources. |
| fat soluble vitamins | A,D,E, and K |
| sources for fats/lipids | butter, oils, salad dressing, whole milk, beef and pork...etc. |
| Cholesterol comes in two types. Tell the types and which one is good and bad. | LDL (lethal) is bad and HDL (healthy) is good. |
| ideal HDL | 70-88 |
| ideal LDL | less than 30 mg/dl |
| types of fats or triglycerides and which is better for you? | saturated and unsaturated (better) |
| saturated fat | solid at room temp |
| unsaturated | liquid at room temp |
| water soluble vitamins | B complex and C vitamins---must replenish daily because they are eliminated with body fluids |
| megadoses | overdose of vitamins--can cause some side effects |
| catabolism | breaking down |
| anabolism | constructive/ building up |
| two parts to metabolism | catabolism and anabolism |
| basal metabolic rate | rate at which the body metabolizes food to maintain the energy requirements of person at rest. |
| three systems involved in metabolism disorders | GI, endocrine and reproductive |
| Pancreas has two organ functions | endocrine- making insulin and exocrine- secreting pancreatic juices for digestion |
| Health history for digestive and metabolism | GI surgeries, unexplained weight loss/gain, regular bowel pattern, normal diet, history of GI disease and activity level |
| Medication history for GI | GI disorder meds, laxatives, aspirin, or NSAIDS, vitamins, antacids, narcotics, weight-loss meds |
| Nutritional assessment | normal food and fluid intake, food allergies, appetite patterns, any nutritional supplements (ensure). |
| include diet history in nutritional assessment | age, gender, who preps meals, when do they eat, frequency of meals, food likes/dislikes, chewing/swallowing difficulty (dysphagia), level of activity, use of alcohol, special diets, desire to improve nutritional intake. |
| Physical Nutritional assessment | genreal appearance, ability to chew/swallow, vitality/attention/concentration, psychosocial factors, anthropometric data, abdomen, lab data |
| nursing diagnosis related to metabolism and nutrition | altered nutrition: ,ore than body requirements and less than, nausea,R/F aspiration, impaired swallowing, self-care deficit: feeding, risk for fluid volume deficit (vomiting/diarrhea) |
| altered nutrition: more than body requirements | assess daily weights, food/fluid intake diary, increase activity, teach small frequent meals, teach table eating |
| altered nutrition:less than body requirements | teach good eating habits, assess weight, food intake, stimulate appetite by good oral hygiene/decreasing pain/familiar foods, small frequent meals, nutrient dense foods, rest before meals, meals in groups, right temp. |
| nausea | assess for odors or visuals, distraction, avoid abrupt movements, limit intake temporarily, cool cloth |
| vomiting | always document the amount, color, appearance, and unusual odor |
| impaired swallowing and risk for aspiration | keep suction nearby, sit up 90 deg. during meals, place food on unaffected side, teach small bites/chew well, check for pocketing |
| self care deficit: feeding | appropriate equipment, assistance feeding |
| Diagnostic GI tests | Flat plat of the abd., upper GI series(barium swallow), CT scan of abd., UGI(endoscopy)/EGD(gastroscopy), ERCP, Gastric analysis, MRI, oral cholecystography, ultrasound gallbladder/liver/pancreas/biliary, HIDA scan, liver scan/biopsy |
| special care when prepping for GI study | NPO after midnight, no smoking morning of. POST test- increase fluids, laxative, teach stool will be light |
| CT special care | assess for allergies to shellfish/iodine, inform of burning upon injection, NPO POST test- increase fluids |
| UGI/EGD and ERCP special care | NPO, informed consent, POST test- no eating or drinking until gag reflex returns, monitor for any abnormal pain, tenderness, guarding or melena(dark tarry stool)**report melena immediately |
| Gastric analysis special care | NPO, no smoking prior, no anti-cholinergics 24 hrs prior |
| MRI special care | MUST assess for any metal in the body, assess for claustrophobia, inform of loud noises during |
| oral cholecystography special care | check for iodine allergies, take radioactive tablets night before, NPO after midnight |
| HIDA scan special care and liver scan | NPO POST test- increase fluids |
| liver biopsy special care | informed consent, make sure Pt, PTT and bleeding times assess ahead of time, NPO, baseline vitals, POST test- bandage applied and lie on rt. side, bed rest, monitor for bleeding |
| Lab tests for GI | serum bilirubin, liver enzymes, serum protein, serum ammonia, serum amylase, serum lipase |
| temporary therapeutic measures | nasogastric and nasoenteric tubes |
| long-term therapeutic measures | gastrostomy and jejunostomy |
| purposes of therepuetic GI intubation | decompression, obtain gastric secretions, relieve obstructions, gavage (feeding), lavage(pumping), promote healing after GI surgery |
| tube feedings use what type of nutrition | commercially prepared formulas such as ensure--doctor determines amount and type |
| when tube feedings are used you should | monitor daily water intake |
| methods for tube feedings | bolus, intermittent continuous |
| TPN | Total Parenteral Nutrition |
Created by:
laceynickie
Popular Nursing sets