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bi humoral vs cell m
grcc bi240 Humoral vs Cell mediated immunity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Stem cells | Humoral and cell-mediated |
| Humoral immunity produces | B Lymphocytes, clone memory cells, plasma cells and antibodies |
| Cell mediated | T lymphocytes, Helper T cells, cytoxic T cells, memory T cells, Suppressor T cells |
| Lymphoblasts | bone marrow stem cells |
| what do lymphoblast do? | they produce lymphocytes which mature into immunocompetent cells that recognize and react with antigens in body |
| Two groups of lymphocytes determine type of immunity initiated | T-lymphocytes (cell-mediated) and B-lymphocytes (humoral) |
| B- lymphocytes (B Cells) produce | Humoral immunity |
| Where are lymphocytes produce and mature? | produced in the bone marrow then migrate to spleen and lymphatic tissue. |
| After lymphocytes are in spleen and lymphatic tissue they undergoe | clonal diversification & clonal selection |
| Colonal diversification and clonal selection produce | memory cells and plasma cells which are antibody's secreted into circulation and mucosal surfaces |
| Humoral immunity is activated when there is exposure to antigen & T lymphocytes results in | production of antibodies/immunoglobulins & memory B cells. |
| Humoral immunity acts against | bacteria and viruses. |
| Cell mediated immunity is produced from | T-Lymphocytes (T-Cells) |
| t-lymphocytes are produced in bone marrow and migrate to | thymus where they mature and eventually migrate to lymph nodes |
| T-lymphocytes act against | Virus infected cells, fungal & protozoal infections, cancer cells and foreign cells |
| What are the subgroups of T Cells | helper T cells, cytoxic T cells, memory T cells, suppressor T cells |
| Cell mediated immunity develops when | T lymphocytes recognize antigens on the surface of target cells and destroy them directly. |
| After T-cells directly destroy antigens they | reproduce an army and activate other T and B lymphocytes. |
| Tolerance cell mediated immunity | Immune system targets foreign cells/material and ignores host tissue= it is able to distinguish self from non self. |
| Helper t cells | CD4 regulates the immune response (CD4 is targeted by HIV) ratio count s/b 2;1...if 1:1 then infection |
| cytoxic T cell CD8 cell | Killer T cells are receptors bind, and release damaging chemicals/enzymes and helps to destroy antigens, cancer cells, virus infected cells. |
| memory T cells | remain in lymph nodes for years, activate response again if samd invader returns. |
| Suppressor T cell | Suppresses B cell activity. |
| Antibodies (immunoglobulins) | protein produced in plasma cells as part of humoral response |
| Antibodies bind to specific matching antigen to form | immune complex |
| Antibodies (immunoglobulins)enchance | phagocytosis by macrophages |
| Antibodies (immunoglobulins) stimulates | inflammation = mast cell degranulation |
| Antibodies (immunoglobulins)protect host from bacterial toxins by binding | to the toxins to neutralize their biological effects. |
| Antibodies (immunoglobulins) inactivate antigen via | neutralization, agglutination, precipitation, osponization |
| Neutralization | masks or coats dangerous part of bacterial toxin or virus. |
| agglutination | clumping of cells with bound antigens |
| precipitation | soluble antigens come out of solution |
| osponization | antibodies bound to antigen enhance phagocytosis |
| Antibodies (immunoglobulins)activates the complement system which leads to | cell lysis and death |
| Antibodies (immunoglobulins) have different | structures |
| There are how many 5 classes of Antibodies (immunoglobulins) | IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD |
| IgG | Most common in blood and increases in number after immunization. |
| IgM | bound to B cells in blood, FIRST to increase when first exposed. |
| Challenges antigen involved in blood incompatibility | IgM |
| IgA | Found in Mucosal & glandular secretions (blood, tears, saliva, respiratory secretions |
| Passive form of protection breast milk/colostrum provided newborns protection | IgA |
| When linked to an allergen to allergic response | IgE |
| Attached to B cells, the antigen receptor on lymphocytes prior to immunication | IgD |
| Primary immune response | IgM |
| Secondary immune response | IgG and is seen in 5-6 days. |
| Vaccinations provide protection against certain microorganisms due to the level of | protection provided by IgG |
| An example of how antibodies protect the host from bacterial toxins | tetanus is a bacterial toxin that has been inactivated, retains it anitgenicity, antibodies bind to the toxin & neutralizing it. |
Created by:
Wends1984
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