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Nur100-Concept/Pharm
pharmacology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acute Care | on the spot right now; more critical |
| maintenance | COPD, obstruct treatment of chronic disease. |
| Supplemental | taking insulin B12 shot |
| Palliative | end of life, hospice, not a place but a way of care |
| Supportive | things that have to be repaire |
| Prophylactic | giving someone antibiotics or immunity vaccine guarding from or preventing the spread or occurrence of disease or infection tending to prevent or ward off : preventive |
| what are the goals of meds in management ? | restore health, return to healthy baseline |
| What are some therapies? | acute care, maintenance, supplement, palliative, suppotive, prophylacitc |
| What are some Roles of the RN in a Pharmacological Intervention? | 1.Preparation (giving Iv meds) 2.Assessment- see if person needs meds 3.administration-right amount and time and dose 4.teaching/education:patient compliance (better they understand better they will comply) 5. Evaluation/outcome |
| Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906? | successful model for re-legalization of currently prohibited drugs by requiring accurate labels, monitoring of purity and dose, and consumer education.(cocaine, heroin now needs labeling) |
| Federal Food and Drug Act of 1938? | Federal Food and Drug Act of 1938 Does not use HOmiopathic remedies; all drugs minus home-remedies need to be approved |
| Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 ? | "schdule 1" scheduling controlled drugs-govt funded addiction programs |
| Drug Regulation Reform Act of 1978 ? | Drug Regulation Reform Act of 1978 -trying to get the thing(drug)on the market quicker rather than later |
| what legal act happened in 1987? | Food and Drug Administration and Modernization Act of 1987 |
| define "chemical" name? | describes the med in terms of its chemical make-up |
| Define "generic" name? | name is given from Gov't (so its easy to remember) |
| Define "Brand and trade" name? | assigned by the manufactured; name used to market drug to the public, approved by FDA |
| What is the chemical, Generic, and brand name for Tylenol? | chem: n-acetyl-para-aminophenol generic:Acetaminophine brand:tylenol |
| What are the Drug Routes tha pertain in Enteral/Oral? | goes straight to intestine/GI tract: 1.PO (by mouth) 2.SL (under the tongue) 3.Buccal (cheek) |
| What are the Drug routes pertaining to Perental? | -Irriversable 1.Intravenous-instant absorption 2.Subcutaneous-water soluable meds absorb into circulation quicker (I.M.internal Medication) 3.Intramuscular-water soluablemeds absorb into circulation quicker 4.Topical,Inhaled, Intrathecal,Epidural etc. |
| Intrathecal/Epidural? | injection in spinal canal/injection of drugs through a catheter placed into the epidural space. The injection can cause both a loss of sensation (anaesthesia) and a loss of pain (analgesia), |
| Which medication absorbs better? I.M. or Subcutaneous? | I.M. |
| Pharmacokinetics | WHAT BODY DOES TO DRUG Absorption:drug moving from admin site into the blood. Distribution-drug moving thru body tissues to its destination metabolism-biotranformation,change of chem structure by enzymes excretiondrug moving out of the body kidney urinate |
| PharmacoDynamics | WHAT DRUG DOES TO THE BODY.. 1.receptor action-lock and key affinity,agonist,antagonist 2.enzyme action-enhanced or inhibit enzyme 3.nonselective action-drug lands and sits there on cell surface changing cell structure |
| The unbound portion is considered? | "free" and active. |
| When albumin connects to a drug is it inactive or active?does the drug levels go up? | inactive increasing the drug levels. |
| What happens when there is low albumin level? | toxicity goes up ex: anorexia, burns, elderly. |
| which organ is most responsible for metabolism of drugs? | Liver |
| Hepatic metablism involves the activity of a very large class of enzymes known as ________? | Cytochrome P-450 enzyme. |
| what do Cytochrome P-450 control ? | enzyme controls a variety of reactions that aid in the metabolism of medications. |
| Onset | response elicited, M.E.C. (minimum effective concentration) |
| Peak | med is at its highest concentration |
| Trough | med is at its lowest concentration |
| Duration | the time the med is at a level that can elicit a response |
| Plateau | thru repeated doses we maintain therapeautic effect |
| half-life | time it takes 50% of the med to be excreted from the body |
| therapeutic range | amt of med that must be present in serum to continue the desired resonse (narrow....wide) -it doesnt allow to drop |
| what are the 5 interactions? | 1.Addictive Effects 2.Synergistic Effect 3.Antagonistic effect 4.Potentiation 5.Incompatability |
| Addictive effect | effect of two chemicals is equal to the sum of the effect of the two chemicals taken separately. 1+1=effect |
| Synergistis effect | 1st drug strengthens the 2nd drug |
| Antagonistic effect | effects absorption of meds.ex: grapefruit decreases effect of med/drug |
| Potentiation | 2nd drug enhances drug |
| Incompatability | a situation in which two or more of the ingredients of a drug interact chemically, with resulting deterioration of the mixture. |
| What are the Nursing Implication? | 1.Assess pt response to the therapy-most accurate source of info. patient best in response to therapy 2.holding meds/think on ur feet 3.lab result-serum level konw what drug does 4.baseline function prior to therapy 5.foster compliance (teach them) |
Created by:
grl
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