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PSH436 ch1
vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Typical | individual experiences compared to group members - same order, same age changes over time |
| Stages | life changes marked by abrupt change |
| Continuous (life stages) | slow and gradual,predictable direction |
| Change | changes that make us different over life stages |
| Stability | consist traits of individual (core traits) little or no change over time |
| Empirical Research | Scientific Studies |
| Adult Development | changes one experiences from adolescence (emerging adulthood)till end of life |
| Aytypical | changes uniqui to individual |
| Outer changes | visible changes |
| Inner changes | change not apparent to observer |
| Normative age-graded influences | influences marked by age, experienced by most adults from every generation as they grow older |
| Biological clock | natural aging processes |
| Social Clock | normal sequence of adult social experiences throughout life: school, marriage, children, grandparents, etc. |
| Ageism | Discrimination based upon age of individual |
| Normative history-graded influences | similarities and difference among within groups based upon historical events/conditions |
| Cultures | large social environments |
| Cohort | a group of individuals that share the same common experiences at the same stage of life |
| Non-normative life events | unique life experiences to self, not shared by many others |
| Behavior genetics | gene influenced behaviors (twin studies) |
| Twin studies | studies that compare twins (monozygotic - identical & dizygotic - fraternal)for genetic influences |
| Interactionist view | how genetic traits predict one's interaction with the environment |
| Chronological age | determined by years (passage of time) |
| Biological age | compares individual physical condition to others of same chronological age |
| Psychological age | individual ability to deal effectively with environment compared to others |
| Social age | expected social roles of individual at specific time in life |
| Functional age | compares how well a person is functioning compared to others |
| Lifespan developmental psychology approach - Paul Bates | development is lifelong, multidimensional, plastic, contextual, and multicausal |
| Ecological systems approach to development - Urie Bronfenbrenner | considers individual development within the context of multiple environments (micro, exo, macro - systems) |
| Cross-sectional study | data studied from point in time from various groups (doesn't show change over time) |
| Longitudinal study | group data studies over a course in time (time consuming, expensive) |
| Attrition | when study participants drop out of the study |
| Sequential study | combines Longitudinal and Cross-sectional study design |
| Personal interview | comprised of open-ended questions (not yes/no) |
| survey questionaire | answers can be graded and compared easily, administered easily and rapidly |
| standardized tests | tests developed by recognized experts in the field |
| validity | measures what it is supposed to measure |
| reliability | measures accurately and consistently |
| comparision of means | compares average results of data sets |
| Correlational analysis | r value (+1 to -1) reveals patterns of stability or change -- but not causality |
| meta-analysis | combines data from multiple studies that research a common question |
| experimental design | uses a control group (placebo), selected participants randomly, controlled environment, |
| Descriptive research | describes element of interest/question |
| Qualitative research | verbal data |
| Quantitative research | numerical data |
Created by:
ddres1
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