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bio 156 ch 3

chemistry

QuestionAnswer
What is an atom? the smallest particle which retains all properties of an element smallest unit of matter
What is matter Anything that takes up space
What are the 4 chemicals that take up 96% of the human body? Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Hydrogen
What are protons? Positive Charge Found in atomic nucleus
What are neutrons No charge Found in atomic nucleus
What are electrons Negative charge found in energy shells
What are radioactive isotopes? Unstable isotopes that break down releasing particles
What are molecules? Two or more atoms bonded together Can be same type or different molecular formula tells number and types of atoms
What are compounds? Systems that contain more than one type of element ex. glass of water that contains hydrogen and oxygen
What are reactions? Occur when atoms do not have full outer shells
When is an atom stable? full outer shells "happy atoms"
When are atoms unstable? Have outer shells that aren't full they'll gain/lose/share to become stable
What is an ion? Formed when atom gains or loses electroms to become stable
What are ionic bonds? Attraction between a positive and negative ion (Na+Cl-)
What are covalent bonds? A pair of shared electrons Atoms always form the same # bonds 4C,3N 2O, 1H
What are double bonds? Atoms share 2 pairs of electrons to become stable
What are polar covalent bonds? Electron pairs not shared equally Oxygen atoms-hog the electrons and has a partial negative charge Hydrogen atoms-partial positive charge
What is hydrogen bonding? weak attractions between the partial positive atom in one molecule and the partial negative atome in another
Created by: 1019430052
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