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Chapter 40 Exam 1 A
Chapter 40 Exam 1 Osmosis, diffusion, etc
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| fluid within the cells | Intracellular fluid |
| fluid outside the cells has two parts | Extracellular fluid |
| plasma, liquid component of blood, in vascular system | intravascular fluid |
| fluid that surrounds tissue cells and includes lymph, outside vascular system | interstitial fluid |
| major method of transporting body fluids | osmosis |
| water passes from an area of lesser solute concentration and more water to an area of greater solute concentration and less water until equilibrium is established | osmosis |
| the concentration of particles in a solution or its pulling power | osmolarity |
| a solution that has about the same concentration of particles or osmolarity, as plasma (between 275 and 295 mOsm/L) | isotonic |
| solution has a greater osmolarity than plasma and water moves out of the cells and is drawn into the intravascular compartment causing cells to shrink | hypertonic |
| solution has less osmolarity and moves out of the intravascular space and into intracellular fluid causing cells to swell and possible burst | hypotonic |
| solutes move freely throughout a solvent. The solute moves from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is established | diffusion |
| the process that requires energy for the movement of substance through a cell membrane from an area of lesser solute concentration to an area of higher concentration. Requires ATP. Can be called “pumping uphill” | Active transport |
| Substances that use active transport | amino acids, glucose and ions of sodium, chloride, potassium, hydrogen and calcium |
| passage of fluid through a permeable membrane. Fluids move from an area of high pressure to one of lower pressure | Filtration |
| Force of of blood pushing against the walls of capillaries | Capillary filtration |
| pulling force to facilitate reabsorption to prevent too much fluid from leaving the capillaries | Colloid osmotic pressure or oncotic pressure |
| pushing force | hydrostatic pressure |
| hydrostatic pressure inside the capillary exceeds surrounding interstitial space | fluid and solutes are forced out of capillary wall |
| Pressure inside capillary is less than the pressure in interstitial space | fluids and solutes move back into capillary |
| Risk for hypovolemia | young children, elderly and ill people |
Created by:
infamousjiggz
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