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ch39oxygenation
chp 39 oxygenation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is pulmonary ventilation | Movement of air into and out of lungs by two phases: inspiration & expiration |
| What is Respiration | Gas Exchange between atmospheric air in alveoli & blood in capillaries |
| What is perfusion | Process by which oxygenated capillary blood passes thru body tissues |
| What regulates respiration | The medulla is the respiratory center.stimulated by increase in CO2 and H+ ions. Chemoreceptors in aortic arch & carotid sensitive ABG and BP that will activate medulla. Stimulation of medulla increases rate & depth of ventilation. |
| What are Normal breath sounds | Vesicular – soft low pitched over peripheral lung fields; Bronchial – loud high pitched sounds over trachea/larynx; Bronchovesicular – medium pitched blowing over major bronchi |
| What are adventitious breath sounds | Crackles, Wheezes, Pleural Friction rub |
| What are Crackles (fine or coarse) | Frequently heard on inspiration are soft high pitched discontinuous popping sounds |
| What are Wheezes | Continuous musical sounds produced as air passes thru constricted airways (sibilant high pitched & whistling or sonorous sounds like a snore) |
| What are Pleural friction rub | Continuous dry grating sound caused by inflammation of pleural surfaces and loss of pleural fluid |
| What is Pulse oximetry | Measures arterial blood oxyhemoglobin saturation; Use in monitoring pts with oxygen therapy or at risk for hypoxia. Desaturation indicates gas exchange abnormalities. Range of 95-100% considered normal |
| What are nursing interventions for respiratory patients | Reducing anxiety, maintain good nutrition, promote comfort (positioning), maintaining adequate fluid intake, promoting proper breathing |
| What are some breathing techniques | Deep breathing – such as in hypoventilation; make each breath deep to move bottom ribs breathing in thru nose and out thru mouth; Incentive spirometry; Pursed lip breathing; Abdominal & diaphragmatic breathing |
| What is proper way to use incentive spirometer | visual reinforcement for deep breathing; assists pt to sustain inspiration & expiration (instruct pt to exhale normally, place lips around mouthpiece, instruct not to breathe thru their nose and inhale deeply & slowly hold breath & count to three |
Created by:
rivabard
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