Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
107 Ch. 10
Anatomy/Physiology of Pregnancy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define: Gravida/Gravidity Multigravida/para Nulligravida/para/Parity preterm/post/term Primigravida/Primipara Viability | Gravida-pregnant/cy Multi: 2+ preg/completed 2+ to 20wks Nulli: never preg/not beyond 20wks Parity: # pregs to 20wks,not fetus' pre:<37wks/>42/38-42wks Primi:preg 1st time/complete 1 preg to 20 wks. Viab: live outside 22-25 wks |
| What does the abbrev 1/0 represent wtih primigravida/nullipara mean | First preg/doesn't go to 20 wks |
| Hormone hCG indicates preg, if high means what? low? | high: ectopic, abnorm gestation, multiple low: miscarriage |
| what is most popular preg test | ELISA |
| What are three categories for preg | presumptive, probable, positive |
| what are signs for presumptive? | Felt by woman: amenorrhea, fatigue, breast changes,N/V, freq pee, quickening |
| what are signs for probable? | observed by examiner: Goodell sign (softening of cervix), Chadwick sign(dk color of cervix), Hegar sign(softened isthmus), + preg test, Braxton Hicks, ballottement |
| what are positive signs | presence of fetus: FHR, see fetus, palpate fetus |
| what is hyperplasia/hypertrophy | hyperplasia: production of new muscle fibers and tissue hypertrophy: enlargement of preexisting muscle fibers/tissue |
| what is changes in size of uterus during 1st tri | 7 wks: hen's egg 10: orange 12: grapefruit |
| what is purpose of Braxton Hicks contractions | facilitate uterine blood flow thru placenta and O2 to fetus |
| How much of preg mom blood volume is in uterine system? | 1/6 of total maternal blood volume, averages 500 ml/min |
| what are three factors that can decr uterine blood flow | 1. low mom aa pressure 2. contractions of uterus 3. mom supine position |
| What is funic souffle? | sync with FHR, fetal blood coursing thru umbilical cord |
| what is leukorrhea? | white/gray mucoid, musty discharge. Epi cells shed. Forms mucus plug(operculum)-barrier pH more acidic (3.5-6) norm(4-7) more prone to yeast infections |
| What are the Montgomery tubules | In breast areolae, sebaceous glands lubricate nipples. |
| What is colustrum and when is it present | creamy, white/yellow/orange premilk as early as 16 wks. Precolustrum by 3rd month |
| What is advised in BP in preg woman? | Same arm, seated w/ back supported, upper arm at atrium level, may decr Cuff: too small = false high too lg = false low |
| How to calculate MAP? | mean of BP in circulation systolic + diastolic/3 normal: 86.4=7.5 mmHg preg: higher |
| what is supine hypotension syndrome | supine position, fall of systolic pressure, reflex bradycardia, CO decr by half, faint |
| What happens to blood volume BV when preg | incr by 1500ml/40-50%, meet blood needs of uterus, hydrate fetal/mom tissues, fluid reserve for loss in birth |
| What happens to RBC's during preg What happens to WBC's? | incr 20-30% depend on iron level (norm-4.2-5.4mill/mm) WBC's: incr |
| what happens to plasma, CO, hemoglobin/hematocrit levels What is physiologic anemia? | plasma incr more than RBC's, CO incr 30-50%, incr at birth, Decr hemog, (norm hemog 12-16g/dl) & hematocrit (37-47%) Results: hemodilution, watery blood |
| What levels define anemia? | hemoblobin <11 g/dl, hematocrit <32% |
| What happens to circulation and clotting time in preg? | circulation decr by 32 wk. More coagulation, ince clotting factors. Fibrinolytic(dissolving of clots) activiy decr. |
| BMR and O2 demands do what in preg? | O2 incr due to incr BMR and need to add tiussue to uterus and breast. |
| Why does pH incr in preg? | decr in Pco2 b/c of progesterone, creates respiratory alkalosis compensated by mild metabolic acidosis. |
| what are kidneys responsible for? | maintain electrolyte/acid base balance, regulate extracellular vol, exrete waste products, conserve nutrients |
| what happens in ureters during preg? | ureters dilate, urine flow decr, vol pools longer, risk for infection. -Bladder pulled out of true pelvis into abd by 2nd tri. Tone decr, incr cap to 1500ml, compressed |
| What happens with glucose levels in preg? | normal blood glucose levels = 160-180mg/dl, then spilled in pee glucosuria occurs at levels <160mg/dl |
| what changes r in skin? | hyperpigmentation= darkening facial melasma/chloasma- mask linea nigra= dk midline striae gravidarum- stretch mks angiomas- red dots from estrogen palmar erythema- red palms epulis- red bumps on gums |
| what hormone helps musculoskeletal system relax in preg? | relaxin rectus abd may separate |
| what happens in neurologic system in preg? What is acroesthesia? | carpel tunnel, headache, faint acro: numbness/tingling of hands |
| what is pica | nonfood cravings |
| where is progesterone secreted from in preg and what are effects? | corpus luteum then placenta suppress FSH/LH, relax smooth muscles, decr uterine contractions, fat deposited, decr mom ability to use insulin |
| Where is estrogen secreted and what are effects? | corpus luteum then placenta suppress FSH/LH, fat deposit, enlg breasts,uterus, incr vascular, relax pelvic joints, incr body proteins, retain na/h2o, decr mom use of insulin |
| What does prolactin do? | initiate lactation |
| what does oxytocin do? | uterine contractions, let down of milk |
| hcG, human chorionic gonadotropin hcS | hcG: maintain corpus luteum, detect preg hcS: growth hormone, breast dev |
| what do insulin adn cortisol do in preg? | insulin: decr production to protect fetus adn need for glucose cortisol: stimulate production of insulin |
Created by:
palmerag
Popular Nursing sets