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surgery
test 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Classification of surgery based on seriousness | Major- extensive alteration to body parts and can pose risk to well-being, Minor- involve minimal alteration in body parts |
| Classification of surgery based on urgency | emergent (immediate attention), Urgent (requires prompt attention, Elective |
| Classification of surgery based on purpose | Diagnostic(to confirm diagnosis), Ablation (removal of diseased part), Palliative (relieves intensity of symptoms), reconstructive (restores function or appearance), transplant , contructive(restores function caused by congenital defects) |
| Surgery settings | impatient, outpatient or short stay surgical centers |
| systems and demographics to get thorough assessment of prior to surgery | respiratory, cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, endocrine, immune funtion/allergies, drug/alcohol use/smoking, previous medication use as well as current, cultural, psychosocial, and education/experience (for teaching purposes) |
| nursing diagnosis related to surgery | anxiety and fear knowledge deficit |
| ideally, when should preop teaching happen? | 2-3 days prior |
| topics covered in preop teaching | surgical events (waiting area and times), pain management (types and meds), physical activity(postop coughing, splinting, ambulation etc), Psychosocial (reduce anxiety), decreasing fear (when can family be with them), cultural beliefs, physical prep |
| preop checklist | nutrition/hydration, elimination (intake/output), rest and sleep, hygiene, medications, antiembolism stockings, personal valuables, prostheses (inc. contacts, glasses, dentures), special orders, skin prep (scrub/shave) |
| pre-op meds sometimes include: | analgesics/narcotics, sedatives, anti-cholinergics, anti-emedics(not vomiting), histamine receptor antagonist(dec. gastric secretion), IV antibiotics(profilactically/on-call) |
| What precaution is used upon administering sedatives? | raising the bed rails |
| Who is a part of the surgical team? | Patient, circulation nurse, scrub nurse, surgeon, anesthesiologist/CRNA |
| General Anesthesia | works by blocking awareness centers in the brain creating an amnesia type response |
| what type of anesthesia requires intubation with ET tube? | general |
| complications with ET tube | laryngospasms, laryngyoedema, itchy throat, injury to the vocal chords |
| can other meds be given with general anesthesia? | yes. |
| Regional anesthesia | a block of nerve impulses to and from a specific region of the body in which the patient will lose sensation and motor ability but the patient remains conscious |
| types of regional anesthetic | topical, local, spinal, epidural |
| Assessment upon arrival in surgical suite | Check identity, alertness/orientation, assess physical/emotional, verify preop checklist, verify procedure with pat., assess response to preop meds, tube patency, continuous asessment |
| nursing diagnosis related to surgery | risk for injury, risk for infection, anxiety, and hypothermia or hypothermia |
| trendelenburg | position in which patient is supine and inclined with waist above head |
| lithotomy | supine position with legs up and flexed--OB, rectal and perineal |
| anaphylaxis | life-threatening, acute allergic reaction that causes vasodilation, hypotension, and bronchial contriction--can be immediate or delayed reaction to meds |
| DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation | thrombus formation and depletion of certain clotting factors; life-threatening. usually dies quickly (bleeding freely in some areas while clotting in others |
| how frequently is the patient assessed in PACU? | every 10-15 minutes |
| -ectomy | surgical removal of |
| lysis | destruction of dissolution of |
| -orrhaphy | surgical repair of |
| -ostomy | opening made to allow passage of drainage |
| -otomy | opening into |
| -pexy | fixation of |
| -plasty | plastic surgery |
Created by:
laceynickie
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