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Macromolecules

QuestionAnswer
Use of carbohydrates short term energy, strucutre: chitin, cellulose
Types of carbohydrates monosaccharide, disaccharide (two mono), polysaccharide
Monosaccharides examples glucose, fructose (6), ribose, deoxyribose (5)
Disaccharide examples covalently bonded, multose, lactose, sucrose
Polysaccharide examples cellulose (plant cell walls), starch (energy from plants), glycogen (energy from animals), chitin (fungus cell walls, structure, shrimp and lobster)
Lipids fatty acids, CHO, attached to carboxyl group
Fatty acids are attached to glycerol, and have three tails that are called triglycerides
Fatty acids are made up of carboxyl group (-COOH) and carbon backbone with up to 36 carbon atoms
Saturated fat is BAD, is complete zigzags, stack up, single carbon bonds, solid at room temp, comes from animals
Unsaturated fat description one or more double bonds, liquid at room temp., from plants oil
Unsaturated fat types cis is GOOD, has a straight line in it, doesn't stack; trans is BAD, from PHVOs, stack together
Phospholipid (bilayer) Phosphate head that is hydrophilic, TWO fatty acid tails that are hydrophobic
Nucleic acids are made up of CHONP, nucleotides (sugar, phosphate, base)
Nucleic acids' job hold genetic information
Protein elements and monomers CHON, amino acids
Peptide bonds links amino acids with carboxyl group of next, covalent, forms through condensation reaction
Two and three peptide bonds are called dipeptide bonds and polypeptide
Secondary structure (proteins) hydrogen bonds between parts of polypeptide chain, coils, helix or pleated/beta sheet; SEAWEED STUFF
Tertiary structure (proteins) R group bonds, heme group that is coiled, forms shape because of R group or amino acids
Quaternary structure (proteins) polypeptide chain bonding, hemeglobin are red blood cells
Denaturation no more 3D, breakage of weak bonds , high temp and acidic pH breaks it
Created by: jchanto
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