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U2L14
AP Biology B
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A specialized ion channel that opens or closes in response to changes in membrane potential. | Voltage-gated ion channels |
| The potential that an excitable cell membrane must reach for an action potential to be initiated | Threshold |
| A type of glial cell that forms insulating myelin sheaths around the axons of neurons in the central nervous system. | Oligodendrocytes |
| Gap in the myelin sheath of certain axons where an action potential may be generated. In saltatory conduction, an action potential is regenerated at each node, appearing to “jump” along the axon from node to node | Nodes of Ranvier |
| One of the most common neurotransmitters; functions by binding to receptors and altering the permeability of the postsynaptic membrane to specific ions, either depolarizing or hyperpolarizing the membrane. | Acetylcholine |
| A neurotransmitter that is a catecholamine, like epinephrine and norepinephrine. | Dopamine |
| An amino acid that functions as a CNS neurotransmitter in the central nervous system of vertebrates. | Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) |
| Clusters (functional groups) of nerve cell bodies in a centralized nervous system. | Ganglia |
| A nerve cell that transmits signals from the brain or spinal cord to muscles or glands. | Motor neurons |
| The part of a neuron that houses the nucleus and most other organelles. | Cell body |
| A typically long extension, or process, of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body toward target cells. | Axon |
| The pairing and physical connection of duplicated homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. | Synapse |
| Cells of the nervous system that support, regulate, and augment the functions of neurons. | Glia |
| A gated channel for a specific ion. The opening or closing of such channels may alter a cell's membrane potential. | Gated ion channels |
| A relatively short chain of amino acids that serves as a neurotransmitter. | Neuropeptides |
| Any of several hormones produced in the brain and anterior pituitary that inhibit pain perception. | Endorphins |
| Organ of the central nervous system where information is processed and integrated. | Brain |
| An amino acid that functions as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. | Glutamate |
Created by:
jtaylor422
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