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U2L02

AP Biology B

QuestionAnswer
The pattern of leaf attachment to the stem of a plant. Phyllotaxy
An active transport protein in a cell membrane that uses ATP to transport hydrogen ions out of a cell against their concentration gradient, generating a membrane potential in the process. Proton pumps
The diffusion of free water across a selectively permeable membrane. osmosis
A unit of pressure equivalent to about 10 atmospheres of pressure. Megapascals (MPa)
A component of water potential that consists of the physical pressure on a solution, which can be positive, zero, or negative. Pressure potential
A phenomenon in walled cells in which the cytoplasm shrivels and the plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall; occurs when the cell loses water to a hypertonic environment. plasmolysis
The drooping of leaves and stems as a result of plant cells becoming flaccid. wilting
Everything external to the plasma membrane of a plant cell, including cell walls, intercellular spaces, and the space within dead structures such as xylem vessels and tracheids. apoplast
An open channel through the cell wall that connects the cytoplasm of adjacent plant cells, allowing water, small solutes, and some larger molecules to pass between the cells. plasmodesma
In plant roots, the innermost layer of the cortex that surrounds the vascular cylinder. endodermis
The dilute solution of water and dissolved minerals carried through vessels and tracheids. Xylem sap
Pressure exerted in the roots of plants as the result of osmosis, causing exudation from cut stems and guttation of water from leaves. Root pressure
A physiological cycle of about 24 hours that persists even in the absence of external cues. Circadian rhythms
The sugar-rich solution carried through a plant's sieve tubes. Phloem sap
A plant organ that is a net consumer or storer of sugar. Growing roots, shoot tips, stems, and fruits are examples of sugar sinks supplied by phloem. Sugar sink
A mutualistic association of plant roots and fungus. Mycorrhiza
Created by: jtaylor422
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