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107 ch. 5
Health Assessment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The external and internal female reproductive parts develop in response to | estrogen and progesterone |
| what are external parts of woman | mons pubis, prepuce, frenulum, clitoris, labia majora, labia minora, urethra orifice, vagina orifice, vestibule, Bartholin's gland, Fourchette, perineal body, anus |
| what does the mons pubis protect | the symphysis pubis |
| What is the frenulum | hoodlike covering of clitoris |
| what is fourchette | labia minora joins to form thin flat tissue underneath vaginal opening |
| The clitoris is under the | prepuce, erectile tissue |
| Vestibule enclosed by labia minora that contains what structures | urethral opening, Skene glands, vagina, Bartholin glands |
| what do the Skene glands and Bartholin glands do | Skene: lubricate vagina Bartholin: secret clear mucus during intercourse (pH4-5, 4/8o'clock |
| What are the internal structures of woman | vagina, uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries |
| What is rugae of the vagina | mucosal lining allow vagina to expand during childbirth |
| what is fornix of cervix | ant/post/lat pockets that surround cervix, is what dr gets fingers around to check thinning of cervix |
| Where is the uterus | midline in pelvic cavity b/n bladder adn rectum, above vagina. Four pairs of ligaments: cardinal, uterosacral, round, broad |
| What two parts is the uterus divided into | upper: corpus lower: cervix |
| Parts of utuerus | fundus: top perimetrium: outer lining endometrium: inner lining, shed myometrium: muscle OS: opening of vaginal internal os: opening of cervix |
| what is purpose of uterus | reception, implantation, retention, nutrition of ovum adn fetus |
| What are three layers of myometrium and their purpose | longitudinal fibers: expel fetus Middle(transverse): ligate blood vessels after birth (oblique)inner: keep cervix closed |
| Where is a Pap smear usually taken from | squamocolumnar junction(transformation zone): inside cervical os, neoplastic changes |
| Fallopian tubes attach where and hold what adn do waht | attach on fundus, div in 4 sections(interstitial, isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum), provide mvmt of ovum |
| Where is the ovum usually fertilized where | In ampulla |
| What is fx of ovaries | ovulation: release of mature ovum from ovary Hormone production: estrogen, progesterone, androgen |
| what 3 purposes does the bony pelvis give | protection of pelvic structures, accomodate growing fetus, anchor pelvic features |
| what makes up the 4 bones of the pelvis | hip (innominate): ilium, ischium, pubis sacram, coccyx |
| waht two parts is the pelvis divided into | true pelvis: lower curved bony canal, incl: inlet, cavity, outlet false pelvis: upper portion above inlet |
| Progesterone levels incr when | ovulation |
| When is the full dev of the breast | after 1st preg/lactation |
| How are breasts create | 15-20 lobes - lobules- cluster of acini(alveolus) and secret colustrum/milk lactiferous sinus(Ampullae)- milk reservoirs |
| which ligaments provide supports to breast | Cooper's ligametns |
| What structure secretes fatty substance to lubricate nipple | Montgomery tubercles |
| what is menarche | first menstruation, periodic bleeding that begins 14 days after ovulation. |
| What three cycles give a feedback system for menstruation | endometrial, hypothalamic-pituitary, ovarian |
| what is average blood loss of menstrual flow | 50 ml |
| the menstrual cycle ultimate prepares the uterus for | pregnancy |
| What are four phases of endometrial cycle | menstrual, proliferative, secretory, ischemic |
| What happens in menstrual phase | shedding of endometrium two layers(compact/spongy), basal layer retained. |
| What happens in proliferative phase | rapid growth lasting 5th day to ovulation. Endometrium is restored in 4 days, depends on estrogen from follicles |
| what happens in secretory phase | ovulation - 3 days before next period. Progesterone secreted in lg amt |
| When would fertilization occur, bn what phases | 7-10 days after ovulation |
| If no fertilization, what occurs | corpus luteum, which secretes est/progest, regresses leads to ischemic phase |
| what is ischemic phase | blood supply to endometrium is blocked, necrosis dev. bleeding begins |
| Hypothalamic-Pituitary Cycle During menstruation, what is happening in this cycle | low levels of est/proget stimulate hypo to secrete GnRH, which stimulate FSH which stimulate Graafian follicles adn est |
| When estrogen levels decrease what is released by hypo | LH- Leutinizing hormone peaks at day 13/14, with sm surge of est. precede expulsion of ovum |
| what is in the graafian follicle and how many follicles mature adn where are they | primitive graafian follicle contain oocytes, 1-30 follicles matrue in ovary under FSH and est |
| what happens in preovulatory phase of ovarian cycle | surge of LH, ovulation occurs, empty follicle turns into corpus luteum. Estrogen drops after ovulation |
| The Luteal phase is what | after ovulation to start of menstruation |
| What happens in postovulatory phase | last 14 days, corpus luteum reaches peak 8 days after ovulation. Fertilized ovum would implant in endometrium, if not, it sheds and hormones decr. |
| Why does the BMR incr | progesterone levels cause this |
| What happens to mucus before ovulation | pre/post- thick, deter sperm ovulation- clear, thin, egg white, called spinnbarkeit |
| what is mittelschmerz | lower abdominal pain from ovulation |
| What do prostoglandins effect | muscle contractility and modulation of hormonal activity, ovulation, regression of corpus luteum, sloughing of endometrium |
| what is climacteric phase | transitional phase during which ovarian fx and hormones decline |
| what are 4 phases of sexual response cycle | excitement, plateau, orgasmic, resolution |
| Communication words: facilitation, reflection, clarification, empathetic responses, confrontation, interpretation | Fac: "go on", interest, ref: repeat, Clar: what means, Emp: acknowledge, confront: inconsistent w/ hx, Inter: words to feelings |
| What is injury prevention at routine health screenings | seat belts, helmets, firearms, sports involvement |
| abnormal cervical findings | cockscomb - protrusion over cervix, rooster's comb hooded cervix polyps |
| A common problem with pregnant women who lay supine is what? What is best fix? | supine hypotension Lay on left side |
Created by:
palmerag
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