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Cell Transport 6-7
vocab for ch. 6-7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Photosynthesis | the proceess by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to prduce carbs. and oxgyen. |
| Light Reactions | The inital reaction in photosynthesis, which are triggerd by the absorption of light by photosystems I and II and include the passage of electrons along the electron transport chains, the production of NADPH and oxygen gas, and the synthesis of ATP throug |
| accessory pigment | a pigment that aborbs light energy and transfers it to chlorophyll in photosynthesis |
| thylakoid | a membrane system found within chlorpast that contains the componts for photosynthesis |
| Granum | at stack of thylakiods in a chloroplast. |
| stroma | in plants, the solution that surrounds the thylakoids in a chloroplast |
| chlorophyll | a green pigment that is present in most plant cells,that gives plants their characteristic green color and that reacts wuth sunlight, CO2 and water to form carbs |
| caroteniod | a class of pigments that are present in the thylakoid membrane of plants and that aid in photosynethesis. |
| calvin Cycle | a Biochemical pathway of photosynthesis in which CO2 is converted to gluclose using ATP |
| carbin fixation | the synthesus if oraganic compounds from CO2 such as in photosynthesis. |
| chloroplast | an oragnelle found in plant and algae cells where photosnythesis occurs. |
| cellular Respiration | the process by which cells obtain energy frim carbs; atmospheric oxygen combines with gluclose to form water and CO2 |
| anaerobis | decribes a process thay does not require oxygen. |
| aerobic repiration | |
| glycolsis | the anaerobis breakdown of gluclose to pyruvic acid, which makes a small amount of energy available to cells in the form of ATP |
| fermentation | breakdown of carbs by enzymes bacteria yeast or mold in the absence of oxygen. |
| krebs cycle | a series of biochemical reactions that convert pyruvic acid into CO2 and H2O; it is the major pathway of oxidation in the animal, bacterial, and plant cells and it releases energy. |
| ATP | an organic molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes; composed of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and three phosphate groups. |
| Mitochondria | in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surriunfed by two membranes and that is the site of cellular respiraation which produces ATP |
| Cristae | one of the many foldings of the inner membrane of mitochindria |
| Glucose | |
| carbohydrate | any organic compound that is madeof carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and that provides nurtrients to the cells of living things |
| Electron transport Chain | a series of molecules found in the inner membranes of mitochindria and chloroplast through which electrons pass in a process that causes protons to build up on one side of the membrane. |
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