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Biology - Chap 1

terms for chapter 1 college biology

QuestionAnswer
Biosphere all environments that support life on earth.
ecosystem all organisms living & non-living in a particular area.
community all living organisms in an area.
population all the individuals within one species.
organism individual species
organ system have specific functions.
organs provide specific functions for a system.
tissues cells of the same origin
cells lowest level of organization that can survive outside the body
organelles membrane-bound structures with specific functions inside the cell.
molecules clusters of atoms held together by chemical bonds like DNA
producers provide food through photosynthesis, minerals from the soil & CO2.
consumers animals that profit from plants. Take O2 from air & return CO2
decomposers bacteria, fungi, & small animals that break down dead matter.
What two things does an ecosystem need to be successful? 1. move energy 2.recycle chemicals
Prokaryotic cells no nucleus & small. were on earth first and evolved into Eukaryotic.
Eukaryotic Cells nucleus & big
DNA deoxyribosenucleicacid genetic makeup of all cells. Is a polymer.
polymer repeats itself. i.e.DNA
deoxyribose sugar sugar in DNA
nitrogenous base 4 kinds. A,T,G,C; all forms of life have the same four chemicals in their genetic code.
genes some regions code for different proteins, only these regions are known as genes
nucleotide one phosphate, one sugar, one nitrogenous base
phospho-di-ester bond the bond that connects two nucleotides
hydrogen bonds bond that hold the nitrogenous bases together
What 6 things do all forms of life share? Order, regulation, growth & development, energy processing, response to the environment, reproduction.
order everyone's characteristics are in the same place.
regulation maintain internal environment to adjust to external environment.
growth & development every living thing starts with one cell
energy processing life takes energy & transforms it to use it.
response to the environment venus fly traps have a hard time getting nitrogen from the soil so they get it from flies.
reproduction makes one of its own.
What are the 3 domains of life? bacteria, archaea, eukarya
bacteria prokaryotic
archaea prokaryotic; unicellular
eukarya eukaryotic; contain a nucleus.
What are the 4 types of eukarya? protists, plantae, fungi, animalae
protists multiple kingdoms
plantae plants; eat through photosynthesis
fungi decomposers; break down dead things
animalia animals; eat for energy
Who is Darwin? came up with evolution & natural selection. "decent with modification"
natural selection population of individuals who produce more offspring will survive. "survival of the fittest" is NOT true today
discovery science uses verifiable observations & measurements to describe science. i.e. discovering DNA
hypothesis-based science uses data from discovery science to explain science. Scientists hypothesize, make deduction, & test predictions.
deductive reasoning all birds have wings (premise 1) sparrows are birds (premise 2) sparrows have wings (deduction)
hypothesis proposed explanation to a scientific question
theory supported by evidence
HO (Null hypothesis) opposite of the hypothesis you make. We assume this is true.
HA (alternate hypothesis) the hypothesis you make
When should you reject the null hypothesis? P < .05
When should you accept null hypothesis? P > .05
control group group of subjects that are used for comparison
experimental group group your hypothesis is based on
Created by: sheyenneb
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