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Chapter 11 Kate Hill
vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sonar | A device that determines the distance of an object under water. |
| continental shelf | A gently sloping shallow area of the ocean floor that extends outward from a continent. |
| Continental Slope | A steep incline of the ocean floor leading down from the edge of a continental shelf. |
| Abyssal Plain | A smooth nearly flat region of the deep ocean floor. |
| Mid-ocean floor | An undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced. |
| Trench | A deep steep sided canyon in the ocean floor |
| Intertidal zone Intertidal zone | An area that stretches from the highest high tide line on land out to the point on the continental shelf exposed to the lowest low tide. |
| Neritic zone | The area that extends from low tide line out to the edge of the continental shelf. |
| Open ocean zone | The deepest darkest area of the ocean beyond the continental shelf. |
| Wave | The movement of energy through a body of water. |
| Wavelength | The horizontal distance between the crest of one wave and the next wave. |
| Frequency | The number of waves that pass a specific point in a given amount of time. |
| Wave Height | The vertical distance from the crest of a wave to the trough. |
| Tsunami | A giant wave usually caused by an earthquake beneath the ocean floor. |
| Longshore drift | The movement of water and sediment down a beach caused by waves moving in to a shore at an angle. |
| Rip Current | A rush of water that flows rapidly back to the sea through a narrow opening in a sandbar. |
| Tide | The daily rise and fall of earth's water on its coastlines. |
| Spring tide | A tide with the greatest difference between high and low tide that occurs when the sun and the moon are aligned with the earth at new and full moon. |
| Neap tide | A tide with the least difference between low and high tide that occurs when the sun and the moon pull at right angles to each other at the 1st and 3rd quarters of the moon. |
| Salinity | The total amount of dissolved salts in a water sample. |
| Submersible | An underwater vehicle built of strong materials to resist pressure. |
| Current | A large stream of moving water that flows through the ocean. |
| Coriolis effect | The effect of earths rotations on the directions of winds and currents. |
| Climate | The average year after year conditions of temperature, precipitation, wind, and clouds in an area. |
| El Nino | A climate event that occurs every 2 to 7 years in the Pacific ocean, during which winds shift and push warm water toward the coast of south america. |
| Upwelling | The movement of cold water upward from the deep ocean that is caused by wind. |