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Chapter 44 Potter
Urinary elimination
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Chapter 44 | Urinary Elimination |
| Nephron | functional unit of the kidney that forms urine |
| proteinuria | presence of large proteins in urine indicative of glomerular injury |
| What is the nephron composed of? | glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubeule, loop of Henle, distal tube and collecting duct |
| The kidneys are responsible for maintaining normal RBC volume by producing: | erythropoi (functions with bone marrow to stimulate RBC production)etin |
| What is the function of renin? | regulation of blood flow in times of renal ischemia (decreased blood supply); works through vasodilation |
| micturition | urination |
| renal calculus | kidney stone |
| reflex bladder | urination occurs reflexively as with spinal cord inj patients |
| oliguria | diminished capacity to form urine |
| anuria | inability to produce urine |
| polyuria | excessive output of urine |
| diuresis | ingesting certain fluids that increase output of urine |
| urinary diversion | a temporary or permanent surgical formation that bypasses the bladder and urethra, usually a stoma on the abdomin drains urine |
| Urinary retention | marked accumulation of urine in the bladder as a result of the inabillity of the bladder to empty |
| bacteriuria | bacteria in the urine |
| urosepsis | spread of microorganisms into the kidneys and blood stream |
| dysuria | pain or burning with urination |
| hematuria | blood in the urine |
| pyelonephritis | kidney infection characterized by flank pain, tenderness, fever, chills |
| urinary incontinence | involunatry loss of urine that is suffucient to be a problem |
| ureterostomy | bringing the end of one or both ureters to the abdominal surface |
| nephrostomy | placement of tube directlt into the renal pelvis to provide urinary drainage |
| nocturia | excessive urination at night |
| Urinary frequency is often due to: | muscle tone loss of the bladder and loss of capacity to hold urine |
| urethral meatus | visual opening of the urethra |
| catheterized patients should drink how much per day? | 2000-2500ml per day |
| The normal adult urine output is: | 1500-1600 ml /day |
| Renal alterations result from factors that cause injury directly to the gloeruli or renal tubule, interfering with their normal filtering, reabsorptive, and secreetory functions. This is a select cause: | transfusion reactions |
| Postrenal alterations result from obstruction to the flow of urine in the urinary collecting system caused by: | blood clots |
| The most common nosocomial infections are: | UTI's |
| Hospital aquired UTI's are usually r/t porr hand washing and: | improper catheter care |
| The urine appears concentrated and cloudy d/t the presence of WBC's or: | bacteria |
| Pyridium turns urine what color? | bright orange or rust |
| To minimize nocturia, clients should avoid fluids ___ hrs before bedtime. | 2 |
| Maintaining a Floey cath. drainage bag in the dependent position prevents: | urinary reflux |
| When applying a condom cath. it's important to secure the cath. in the penile shaft in such a manner that the cath is: | snug & secure, but doesn't cause constriction to blood flow |
Created by:
rschoengold
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