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EsophagealCancer

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Esophageal Cancer A malignant neoplasm of the esophagus. Majority of tumours are located in the middle and lower portion of the esophagus.
Predisposing factors Two important risk factors include smoking and excessive alcohol use. Diets low in fruits and vegtables. Certain minerals and vitamins. Achalasia, exposure to asbestos and metal & history of swallowing LYE.
S & Sx Progressive dysphagia. Pain to the epigastric area. Sore throat, hoarseness and weight loss.
Complications Hemorrhage if cancer erodes via the esophagus and into the aorta. Esophageal perforation with fistula into the lung/trachea. Obstruction of the esophagus. Spreads via to the liver & lungs.
Dx Barium swallow, endoscopy with ultrasound, bronchoscopic exam, CT & MRI scans.
Care: Poor prognosis due to usual late stage diagnosis. Best results with surgery, radiation and chemotherapy.
Nutrition Therapy After surgery, patients are on TPN fluids. When bowel sounds return, 30-60 ml of water given hourly. . Small and frequent bland meals. Position upright when feeding to prevent regurgitation of fluid.
Nutrition Therapy II Observe for signs of leakage into the mediastinum. S & SX include pain, increased temp. and dyspnea. Observe for food intolerance. S & SX include N/V & ab distention.
Created by: libbygal_77
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