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BioCh7.

Honors Bio Freshman Year

QuestionAnswer
cellular respiration the process by whcih cells obtain energy from carbohydrates; atmospheric oxygen combines with glucose to form water and carbon dioxide
pyruvic acid the three carbon compound that is produced by during glycosis and needed for both the aerobic and anaerobic pathways for cellular respiration that follows glycosis
NADH the recused form of NAD+; an electron carrying molecule that functiosn in cellular respiration
anaerobic decribes a process that does not require oxygen
aerobic respiration the process in which pyruvic acid is broken down and NADH is used to make a large amount of ATP; the part of respiration that is carried out in the presence of oxygen.
glycolysis the anaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid whic hmakes a small amount of energy available to cells in the form of ATP
NAD+ an organic molecule that serves as an electron carrier by being oxidized to NAD+ and reduced to NADH
fermenation the breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, or mold in the abscence of oxygen
lactic acid fermenation the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates that produces lactic acid as the main end product
alcoholic fermenation the anaerobic process by whic hyeasts and other microorganisms break down sugars to form carbon dioxide and ethanol
kilocalarie a unit of energy equal to 1,000 calories
mitochondria matrix the fluid that is inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion
acetyl CoA acetyl coenzyme A, a compound that is synthesized by cells and that okays a major role in metabolism
Krebs cycle a series of biochemical reactions that convert a pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and water; it is the major pathway of oxidation in animal, bacterial, and plant cells, and it releases energy
oxaloacetic acid a four-carbon compound of Krebs cycle that combines with acetyl coA to form critic acid
FAD a compound that that acts as a hyrdogen acceptor that acts as a hydrogen acceptor in dehydrogenation reactions
Created by: zinckr15
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