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blood2_431
Blood 2-Chapter 17
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anemia | reduced oxygen-carrying ability of blood resulting from too few erythrocytes or abnormal hemoglobin |
| polycythemia | an abnormally high number of erythrocytes |
| leukopenia | abnormally low white blood cell count |
| leukemia | a group of cancerous conditions of white blood cells |
| infections mononucleosis | highly contagious viral disease marked by excessive agranulocytes; the kissing disease |
| platelets | cell fragment found in blood; involved in clotting |
| hemostasis | stoppage of bleeding |
| coagulation | process in which blood is transformed from a liquid to a gel; blood clotting |
| clotting factors | factors that enhance clot formation. also called procoagulants. |
| serum | amber-colored fluid that exudes from clotted blood as the clot shrinks; plasma without clotting factors |
| anticoagulants | factors that inhibit clotting |
| fibrinolysis | process that removes unneeded blood clots when healing has occurred |
| tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) | secreted at the presence of a clot in and around the blood vessel by endothelial cells |
| heparin | natural anticoagulant secreted into blood plasma |
| thrombus | a clot that develops and persists in an unbroken blood vessel |
| embolus | could be a blood clot, fatty mass, bubble of air, or other debris. when floating in the blood and obstructs a blood vessel, it is called an embolism. |
| warfarin | medication taken orally in patients prone to atrial fibrillation, a condition in which blood pools in the heart, to reduce the risk of stroke |
| thrombocytopenia | a reduction in the number of platelets circulating in the blood |
| hemophilia | a term loosely applied to several different hereditary bleeding disorders that exhibit similar signs and symptoms |
| plasma expanders | purified human serum albumin, hetastarch and dextran as examples, are used to mimic the electrolyte composition of plasma |
| bone marrow biopsy | sample of red bone marrow is obtained by needle aspiration (typically anterior or posterior iliac crest) and examined to diagnose disorders of blood-cell formation, leukemia |
| hematoma | mass of clotted blood that forms at an injured site |
| plasmapheresis | process in which plasma is removed, separated from formed elements, and formed elements returned to patient or donor. done for patients with autoimmune disorders, and by blood banks for burn victims |
| septicemia | excessive and harmful levels of bacteria or their toxins in the blood; also called blood poisoning |
| partial thromboplastin time | clotting mechanisms; inclresed values in clotting factor deficiencies, cirrhosis, vitamin K deficiency |
| prothrombin time | clotting mechanisms. increased values in liver disease, vitamin K deficiency, salicylate intoxication. |
| blood chemistry tests | chemical analysis of substances in the blood; e.g., glucose, iron, protein tests, bilirubin content, pH |
Created by:
allisonannayala
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