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blood1_431
Blood 1-Chapter 17
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| formed elements | cellular portion of blood. includes erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. |
| plasma | the nonliving fluid component of blood within which formed elements and various solutes are suspended and circulated |
| buffy coat | a thin, whitish layer present at the erythrocyte-plasma junction (spun blood). |
| albumin | the most abundent plasma protein |
| erythrocyte | red blood cells |
| hemoglobin | oxygen-transporting protein of erythrocytes |
| red bone marrow | cite of blood cell formation; composed largely of a soft network of reticular connective tissue bordering on wide blood capillaries called blood sinusoids. found in bones of axial skeleton and girdles, proximal epiphyses of femur and humerus. |
| erythropoeitin | hormone that stimulates production of red blood cells |
| bilirubin | yellow pigment of bile |
| leukocyte | white blood cells; formed elements involved in body protection that take part in inflammatory and immune responses (never let monkeys eat bananas...neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils) most abundant to least abundant |
| neutrophil | most abundant type of white blood cell; chemically attracted to sites of inflammation; pierce holes in bacteria's membrane; phagocytize bacteria |
| eosinophil | granular white blood cell whose granules readily take up an acid stain called eosin; kill parasitic worms; inactivate some inflammatory chemicals of allergy |
| basophil | white blood cell whose granules stain purplish-black and nucleus purple with basic dye; release histamine and other mediators of inflammation; contain heparin, an anticoagulant |
| lymphocyte | agranular white blood cell that arises from bone marrow and becomes functionally mature in the lymphoid organs; mount immune response by direct cell attack or via antibodies |
| monocyte | large single-nucleus white blood cell; agranular leukocyte; phagocytosis; develop into macrophages in the tissues |
| interleukin | direct leukopoeisis; family of hematopoietic factors; numbered-IL-3, IL-5, for example |
| colony-stimulating factor | direct leukopoeisis; family of hematopoeitic factors; named for the leukocyte pupulation they stimulate; granulocyte-CSF (G-CSF) for example |
| thrombopoeitin | hormone that regulates platelet formation |
| blood transfusion | whole blood= routine when blood loss is rapid and substantial; all other involves infusions of packed rbcs; |
| ABO blood groups | based on the presence or absence of two agglutinogens, type A and type B. O has neither agglutinogen, A has A agglutinogen, B has B agglutinogen, AB has both agglutinogen. |
| agglutinin | plasma of preformed antibodies; act against RBCs carrying ABO antigens that are NOT present on a person's own red blood cells. O has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies A blood have anti-B antibodies,B blood have anti-A antibodies; AB have neither |
| Rh blood groups | C, D, and E antigens (3 of the 45 types of RH agglutinogens) are fairly common. Rh antigen (agglutinogen D) is reported as + (Rh positive) or -(Rh negative). |
| erythroblastosis fetalis | hemolytic disease of the newborn, in which the mothers antibodies cross through the placenta and destroy the baby's RBCs |
| transfusion reaction | agglutination and destruction of red blood cells following transfusion of incompatible blood. not first time, but second time, attacks donors blood. |
| universal donor | type O blood; can give blood to anyone |
| universal recipient | type AB blood; can receive blood from anyone |
| hemoglobin (test) | test for amount of hemoglobin |
| hematocrit | the percentage of total blood volume occupied by erythrocytes |
| red blood cell count | test for amount of erythrocytes |
| reticulocyte count | rough index of the rate of RBC formation; reticulocyte counts below or above this percentage range indicate abnormal rates of erythrocyte formation; reticulocyte is a young erythrocyte |
| white blood cell count | test for amount of leukocytes |
| differential white blood cell count | diagnostic test to determine relative proportion of individual leukocyte types. |
| complete blood count (CBC) | clinical test that includes counts of all formed elements, a hematocrit, and measurements of erythrocyte size and hemoglobin content. |
Created by:
allisonannayala
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