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Chapter 4 AKline
Transportation, Photosynthesis, and Cellular Respiration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What happens when a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution? | When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, the water will go into the cell. |
| What happens when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution? | When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the water will leave the cell. |
| What’s the main difference between active and passive transport? | Active is the moving of molecules from an area of lower concentration to higher concentration, and Passive is going from Higher concentration to lower concentration. |
| List an example of active transport. | In your nerve cells, the sodium-potassium pump moves sodium out of the cell and moves potassium into the cell. |
| List the types of passive transport. | Why is the plasma membrane considered semipermeable |
| Why is the plasma membrane considered semipermeable? | The plasma membrane is considered semipermeable because some substances can pass through easily and others have to have specialized transport mechanisms |
| What is the process where a cell engulfs a macromolecule, forming a vesicle? | The process where a cell engulfs a macromolecule is Endocytosis. |
| What is diffusion? | Diffusion is when other molecules, such as glucose moves across the cell |
| Explain the results of a sodium-potassium pump working across a membrane | A sodium-potassium pump works by pumping sodium out of the cell and putting potassium in. |
| Does facilitated transport move a substance down or up a gradient? | It moves down a gradient. |
| What is the energy-capturing stage of photosynthesis? | The light capturing stage of photosynthesis is the light reaction. |
| What are the products of the light reactions? | The products of the light reactions are ATP and NADPH |
| What are the ATP and NADPH from the light reactions used for? | ATP is used as energy, and NADPH goes on to be used in the Calvin Cycle. |
| Where does the oxygen released by photosynthesis come from? | The Oxygen released by photosynthesis comes from the splitting of water molecules. |
| What happens to the glucose produced from photosynthesis? | The Plant cell uses the Glucose as energy. |
| Describe the structures of the chloroplast where photosynthesis takes place. | A chloroplast has 2 layers, an outer membrane, and an inner membrane. The inner membrane is formed my flattened sacks called Thylakoids. |
| What is the significance of the electron transport chain? | The electron transport chain moves the electrons along to the next part in the process of Photosynthesis. |
| What are the reactants required for photosynthesis? | The reactants are H2O and CO2. |
| What are the products of photosynthesis | The products are Glucose, ATP, and NADPH |
| What are the products of Alcoholic Fermentation? | Ethyl Alcohol, and Carbon Dioxide. |
| What is the metabolic process where glucose is ultimately converted to two molecules of pyruvate? | Glycolosis |
| Why do your muscles get sore after vigorous excercise? | Lactid Acid Fermentation; Oxygen cannot be delivered to them fast enough |
| What is the purpose of fermentation? | To recycle NAD so it can be used again in the Glycolosis cycle. |
| Where does the citric acid cycle take place? | Mitochondria |
| what is the chemical reaction for the overall process of cellular respiration? | C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O |
| Which is more efficient, aerobic, or anaerobic cellular respiration? | Aerobic |
| What are the more important electron-accepting enzymes in cellular respiration? | ATP |
| What is chemiosmosis? | Diffusion of ions across a membrane |
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akline
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