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Health science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the source of the disease? What is the treatment of the disease? | Source: evil spirits and demons. Treatment: boring a hole in the skull were used to treat insanity, herbs and plants were used as medicine. |
| Why were animals used for research in primitive times? | Most religions did not allow dissection, or cutting apart the body. So animals were dissected to learn about the different body parts. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Egyptians during ancient times? | Egyptians: recorded health records. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Chinese during the ancient times? | Chinese: belief in the need to cure the spirit and norish the entire body. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Greeks during ancient times? | Greeks: stress that a good diet and cleanliness would prevent disease. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Romans during ancient times? | Romans: sanitation systems, by building sewers to carry away waste and aqueduct to deliver clean water. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Michelangelo and deVinci during Renaissance? | Michelangelo and deVinci: used dissection in order to draw the human body more realistically. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Vesalius during Renaissance? | Vesalius: made the first anatomy book. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Jenner during 16-18th centuries? | Jenner developed a vaccination for smallpox in 1796. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Pare during 16-18th centuries? | Pare: Established use of ligatures to bind arteries and stop bleeding. Eliminated use of boiling oil to cauterize wounds. Improved treatment of fractures and promoted use of artificial limbs. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Von Leeuwenhoek during 16-18th centuries? | Von Leeuwenhoek: invented the microscope in 1666. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by The role of on apothecary during 16-18th centuries? | The role of the apothecary: made prescribed medication and sold medication. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Florence Nightingale during 19th century? | Florence Nightingale: Established efficient and sanitary nursing unit, opened nightingale school and home for nurses, began the professional education of nurses. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Lister and Pasteur during 19th century? | Lister: started using disinfection and antiseptics during surgery to prevent infection. Pasteur: proved the microorganisms cause disease, created a vaccine for rabies. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Fleming during 20th century? | Fleming: discovered penicillin. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Salk during 20th century? | Salk: developed the polio vaccine using dead polio virus. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Crick and Watson during 20th century? | Crick and Watson: described the structure of DNA and how it carries genetic information. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Sabin during 20th century? | Sabin: developed an oral live virus polio vaccine. |
| What are the advances in medicine contributed by Burnard during 20th century? | Burnard: performed the first successful heart transplant. |
| What are the 3 main reasons for high medical costs? | 1) Technological advances. 2) The aging population. 3) Health related lawsuits. |
| How can DRG's reduce medical costs? | Diagnostic related groups: patients with certain diagnoses who are admitted to hospital are classified in one payment group. A limit is placed on the cost of care. |
| How can Combination of services reduce medical costs? | Combination of services: health care agencies join together or share specific services, care can be provided to a larger number of people at a decreased cost per person. |
| How can Bulk purchasing reduce medical costs? | Bulk purchasing: buying equipment and supplies in larger quantities at reduced prices. |
| How can Preventative care reduce medical costs? | Preventative services: provide care before acute or chronic disease occur. |
| What is the role of the Agency for health care policy? | Agency for health care policy: researches the quality of health care delivery and identifies the standards of treatment that should be provided. |
| What is Geriatric care? | Geriatric care: individuals are living longer due to the advances in health care. |
| What is the role of OBRA? | OBRA: is the development of many regulations regarding long term care and home health care. |
| What is telemedicine? | Telemedicine: involves computer systems to provide medical and health care services. |
| What is Holistic health care? | Holistic health care: is care that promotes physical, emotional, social, intellectual, and spiritual well being by treating the whole body, mind and spirit. |
| What is the difference between alternative and complementary therapies? | Alternative therapies: methods of treatment that are used in place of biomedical therapies. Complementary therapies: methods of treatment that are used along with conventional medical therapies. |
| a- an- | without, lack of, absence of |
| anter(i) anter(o) | front, forward |
| bronch(o) | bronchial tube, bronchus |
| cardi(o) | heart |
| cephal(o) | head |
| cerebro | cerebrum, brain |
| cervico | neck, cervix |
| cranio | skull, cranium |
| endo- | inside, inner, within |
| gustro | stomach |
| gluco | sugar, glucose |
| glyco | sugar, sweet |
| hemo, hemato | blood |
| hepato | liver |
| histo | tissue |
| hyper- | excessive, high, above, upward |
| hypo- | deficient, low, below, down |
| -iasis | condition of disease |
| inter- | between, among |
| intra- | within, inside |
| megalo- | large, enlarged |
| my(o) | muscle |
| -oma | tumor, abnormal growth |
| oste(o) | bone |
| poly- | much, many |
| ren(o) | kidney |
| thorac(o) | chest thorax |
| abd | abdomen |
| abg | arterial blood gas |
| ac | before meals |
| ad | right ear |
| aids | acquired immune deficiency syndrome |
| am | morning, before noon, may be am |
| amb | ambulate, walk |
| amt | amount |
| ap | apical pulse |
| as | left ear |
| as tol | as tolerated |
| au | both ears |
| av | average |
| ax | axilla, axillary, armpit |
| bid | twice a day |
| bl | blood |
| bl wk | blood work |
| bm | bowel movement |
| bp | blood pressure |
| br | bed rest |
| brp | bathroom privileges |
| bs | blood sugar |
| bsc | bedside commode |
| ca | cancer |
| cal | calorie |
| cap | capsul |
| cbc | complete blood count |
| cc | cubic centimeter |
| CC | chief complaint |
| ccu | critical care unit |
| cebbs | clear equal bilateral breath sounds |
| chf | congestive heart failure |
| cicu | cardiac intensive care unit |
| ck | check |
| cl liq | clear liquid |
| cm | centimeter |
| c/o | complains of |
| CO2 | carbon dioxiode |
| cp | chief complaint |
| cpr | cardio pulmonary resuscitation |
| ct | computerized |
| cva | cerebral vascular accident (stroke) |
| d | day |
| dat | diet as tolerated |
| d/c | discontinue |
| diff | different white blood cell count |
| dil | dilute, dissolve |
| dm | diabetes mellitus |
| dnr | do not resuscitate |
| doa | dead on arrival |
| dob | date of birth |
| dod | date of death |
| dr | dream, drainage |
Created by:
Samantha Evans
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