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POS Final Exam
Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| On a topographic map, the differance in elevation between two side-by-side contour lines is called the | contour intervals |
| The resistance of lava to flow is due to it's ______ content | Silica |
| ______ is a change of state the releases thermal energy | Condensation |
| Lines on a weather map that connect points of equal or constant values are called | Isopleths |
| Crust is neither destroyed nor created along which type of plate boundary | transform |
| When two cirques on opposite sides of a valley meet, the form a(n) | arete |
| The basic building blocks of matter are | atoms |
| The amount of water vapor in a given volume of air is | humidity |
| Scientists use this method to measure the distance to stars that are up to 500 pc away | parallax |
| Condensations nuclei are particles of atmospheric dust around which a ______ can form | cloud droplet |
| Streams flowing under a melting glacier deposit long, winding ridges of layered sediments called | eskers |
| The flat part of the ocean floor at 5 or 6 km below sea level is the | Abyssal Plain |
| Studies show that the universe has a vast amount of unseen material called | dark matter |
| Earth as the center of the solar system is called | geocentric cosmology |
| The carrying capacity of a stream is the | maximum amount of sediment carried |
| As height in the troposphere increases these two things decrease | air pressure and temperature |
| The heliocentric model of the solar system was championed by | Copernicus |
| Slumps are common after a rainfall because the water reduces ________ between soil greains. | frictional contact |
| In orographic lifting, clouds form when moist winds encounter a | mountain |
| The change in wave frequency of energy as it moves toward or away from an observer is the _______ effect | dopplar |
| Under Ocean Basin, this is a smooth ocean floor | Abyssal Plain |
| Under Ocean Basin, this is a prominent feature of the ocean floor | mid-ocean ridge |
| Under Ocean Basin, this is a narrow, long depression in the ocean floor | deep sea trenches |
| Under Mid Ocean Ridge, there are | Hydrothermal Vents and Fractures |
| Under Hydrothermal Vents, there is a white smoker and a _____ | black smoker |
| Under fractures, there is earthquake activity and ___________ | volcanic activity |
| Under white smoker, there is | warm water |
| A line broken into sections that represent units with each section representing a distance on Earth's surface is called a __________ scale. | Graphic |
| Name the Earths 4 systems: | Biosphere, Atmosphere, Lithosphere, Hydrosphere |
| Earth is a curved, three-dimensional object, so all flat maps ______ either the shape or the area of landmasses | distort |
| What area of the world do you find the most wind erosion? | Deserts |
| Damage done to structures by an earthquake is related to what two things: | Magnitude and Intensity |
| A rappid, flowing current along the bottom of the ocean is a | Turbidity Current |
| Cloud Dropplets collide to form larger droplets in a process called | collision and coalescence |
| Subduction results in the formation of: | earthquakes, volcanoes, and subduction zones |
| The submerged parts of continents are called continental | shelves |
| Earth's atmosphere contains trace gases such as | Argon and helium |
| Seafloor structures like seamounts are modified by | sea slides |
| GPS satellites can relay many different kinds of information: Name two things that it can not relay: | Weather and Images |
| Name the four steps to the scientific method: | hypothesis, experimentation, data collection, conclusion |
| Seismic waves transfer _______ by vibration. | energy |
| A bend or curve in a stream channel is called a | meander |
| Keplers first law demonstrates that each planet has a(n) | elliptical orbit around the sun |
| Two climates that are at the same latitude may be different because of | bodies of water |
| _______ barrier islands often form along the stream's mouth and in areas with deltas | Barrier |
| _______ like the grand canyon are formed by stream down cutting | V-Shaped Valleys |
| What process breaks solid rock into smaller peices? | weathering |
| This astronomer who used red-shifts to determine stellar distances: | Hubble |
| Scientific laws and theories are from the direct result of consistent repeated ______ over time | results |
| Compared to ocean crust near deep-sea trenches, crust near ocean ridges is | younger/newer |
| Insects in amber are examples of fossils with | original preservation |
| Because water reacts with and can dissolve many kinds of minerals this is a classic example of _______ weathering | chemical |
| The atmosphere of earth consists of 2 major gases | nitrogene and oxygen |
| This ridge of sand connects an island to the mainland forming the tip of a peninsula | Tombolo |
| Winds around a low pressure system in the Northern Hemisphere move in a _________________ | direction |
| Asteroids are thought to be leftover | from the formation of the solar system |
| This is the area below the arth's surface with pore spaces filled with water | zone of saturation |
| Acidic groundwater breaks sown limestone through the process of | chemical weathering |
| This is the temperature at which air must be cooled to reach saturation | dew point |
| The driving forces of tectonic plates are related to convection currents in Earth's | Mantle |
| a record of weather data for a particular site at a particular time is called a | station model |
| Many early mapmakers thought Earth's continents had moved based on | the puzzle-like fit of Earth's continents |
| List the units of geologic time in order from shortest to longest: | epoch, period, era, eon |
| A mound of water driven toward coastal areas by hurricane winds is called a | storm surge |
| The Maunder minimum is associated with | sunspot activity |
| This planet has a high atmospheric CO2 content and strong greenhouse effect | Venus |
| A worm trail is an example of a ____ fossil | trace |
| A combination of two or more components that retain their identity is a(n) | mixture |
| Lines of longitude converge at the | poles |
| The lifting condensation level is the height at which _________ occurs. | condensation |
| The bending of wave crests as they reach shallow water is called | wave refraction |
| When a river enters a large body of water it will ________ in spped and ________ large amounts of sediment | Decrease, deposit |
| The magnetic pattern of ocean-floor rocks on one side of an ocean ridge is _________ of that of the other side | the same |
| Name two signs that indicate creep has occurred in a given area: | leaning of fence posts and bending of trees |
| What are the two types of glaciers? | Valley and continent |
| In a stream, small particles, such as silt and sand are carried in | suspension |
| What underlying force causes all forms of mass movements? | gravity |
| Differances in thermal energy can be detected with _________ imagry | infrared |
| A __________ is designed so that its frame vibrates when the ground moves | seismometer |
| Continental drift was not sidely accepted when it was first proposed because Wegener couldn't explain ____ or ____ the continents moved. | Why or How |
| Ocean ridges on the ocean floor is a tearture found at _________ boundaries | divergent |
| What are three different types of energy transfer we have here on earth: | radiation, conduction, convection |
| Name the four main parts of the water cycle; | evaporation, condensation, precipitation, runoff |
| Petrified wood is an example of a fossil that has | altered hard parts |
| As a star ages, its __________ changes as nuclear reactions convert one element to another | internal composition |
| The ozone masimum can be found in the | stratosphere |
| Heavy accumulations of excess water in drainage systems can result in downstream | flooding |
| Artesion wells require slope and a _________ rock layer in order to function. | permeable |
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jubey23
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