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BIIIIIOOOOO

QuestionAnswer
genes the DNA on chromosomes arranged in segments that control the production of proteins
homologous chromosomes the chromosomes that make up a pair, one chromosome from each parent
gametes sex cells that have half the number of chromosomes
haploid cell with half the number of chromosomes as a diploid cell
fertilization process by which haploid gametes combine, forming a diploid cell with 2n chromosomes, with n chromosomes from the female parent and n chromosomes from the male parent
diploid having two copies of each chromosomes (2n)
meiosis reduction division process, occurring only in reproductive cells, in which one diploid cell produces four haploid cells that aren't genetically identical
crossing over exchange of chromosomal segments between a pair of homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis
genetics science of heredity
allele alternative form that a single gene may have for a particular trait
dominant Mendel's name for a specific trait that appeared in the F1 generation
recessive Mendel's name for a specific trait hidden or masked in the F1 generation
homozygous organism with two fo the same alleles for a specific trait
heterozygous organism with two different alleles for a specific trait
genotype an organism's allele pairs
phenotype observable characteristic that is expressed as a result of an allele pair
law of segregation Mendelian law stating that two alleles for each trait seperate during meiosis
hybrids organism heterozygous for a specific trait
law of ind. assortment Mendelian law stating that a random distribution of alleles occurs during the formationof gametes
genetic recombination new combination of genes produced by crossing over and independent assortment
polyploidy having one or more extra sets of all chromosomes, which, in these types of plants can often result in greater size and better growth and survival
Created by: m_k_miller
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