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science8test
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| how can you tell how close an earthquake is? | by telling when the p-waves start |
| how many seismic stations are needed to locate an earthquake | 3 |
| tsunamis can be caused by what? | underwater earthquakes or landslides |
| how can you tell that there are ocean creatures on top of many mountains? | the uplifted seashore became mountains |
| where are the youngest rocks found on the mid Atlantic ridge | right next to the split |
| why is a continental crust forced to go under the oceanic crust? | continental crust is less dense |
| what is subduction? | when a sinking plate dives down and eventually melts |
| what is the focus of an earthquake? | release point where the rock underground first breaks |
| what happens when a city is on the edge of a plate boundary? | the plate will move and cause lots of earthquakes |
| how can people prevent or reduce property damage during a earthquake? | build their houses with structure underneath to hold the house in place |
| what type of tectonic plate boundary is the san andreas fault | transform |
| what type of tectonic plate boundary is the mid ocean ridge? | diverge |
| what type of tectonic plate boundary is the himalayas? | convergent |
| what is pyrocrastic flow? | massive avalanche of smoke ash soot and lava that comes out of a volcano at hundreds of miles and hour flattening everything in its path |
| what is a lahar | mud flow that rushes from an erupting volcano at up to 80 km |
| what is a hot spot | colomn of rising magma that creates a chain of volcanoes as plates move over the magma conduit |
| what is magma plune | rising teardrop shape column of molten material |
| what is magma | motlen material below the surface of the earth |
| what is a magma chamber | the heart of a volcano or molten material underneath the volcano |
| what is lava | molten material on the surface of the earth |
| what is a stratovolcano | volcano formed by layers of lava from successive eruptions |
| what is a volcanic bomb | large rocks thrown distances during a violent volcanic eruption |
| what is a caldera? | `collapsed dome after an eruption leaving behind a broad circular vent |
| what is a shield volcano | volcano formed by eruption of runny lava containing no cone shape |
| what is the ring of fire | edge of the pacific containing many earthquakes and volcanoes |
| why should people go out to sea during an tsunami? | the tsunami would probably only be a foot high because is it riding to shore on the bottom of the ocean or continental shelf |
| tsunamis are most likely in the regions of | subsurface plate boundaries |
| what is the difference between a regular and mega tsunami | method of formation |
| wht might a the reason a tsunami might be larger than usual | emerges from deep water to a shallow gradient shelf has greater horizontal velocity and has channeled into an area with a smaller cross sectional area |
| what signals an impending tsunami | severe ocean ressesion offshore shallow earthquakes or large magnitude and storm surge |
| how did scientists find out about earths interior | seismic waves and data becuase p waves cannot go through earths interior or inner core |
| what are the 4 layers of the earth | crust mantle outer core inner core |
| what increases inside earth? | density temperature and pressure |
| what is earths interior comprised of | iron and nickel |
| what is pangaea | ancient supercontinent that contained all of earths continents in one land mass |
| what is an epicenter | location on earths surface that feels the earthquake directly above the focus |
| what is the Richter scale | scale that mesures the intensity of an earthquake 1-11 |
| what is liquefaction | turning of wet loose gravel into liquid liek substances that can result in extensive building collapse after an earthquake |
| what is the crust and the upper mantle combined | lithosphere |
| what is the densest layer | inner core |
| what is the layer that contains convection currents that push the tectonic plates | mantle |
| what is the only layer of the earth made out of liquid material | outer core |
| what is the layer most effected by seismic waves | crust |
| what is the difference between a grey and red volcano eruption | grey-explode through gasses and rocks caused by the pressure of the magma building up red- slow red hot lava that pours out and destroys everything in its path |
| why do japanese citizens head for high ground during a earthquake? | there could be warnings of tsunamis because they are an island and the earthquake could be in the water and cause a tsunami |
| what is the difference between p-waves and s-waves? | p-waves move side to side while s-waves move up and down |
| why are earthquakes not evenly spread across the world? | most earthquakes happen of the edge of a plate boundary or near hot spots |
Created by:
thumperconway
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