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Active and Passive Transport

QuestionAnswer
What happens when a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution? Water will move into the cell, which causes the cell to swell, and it may even burst.
What happens when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution? More dissolved material in the outside environment than in the cell, water will leave the cell. That can cause a cell to shrink and shrivel.
What’s the main difference between active and passive transport? Passive transport, meaning they move molecules down the cell's concentration gradient and do not require any energy input. While active transport molecules move against the concentration gradient, toward the area of higher concentration.
List an example of active transport? Move molecules in the direction of the higher concentration and require energy and a carrier protein.
Why is the plasma membrane considered semipermeable? Because some molecules can move through the membrane easily, while others require specialized transport mechanisms.
What is the process where a cell engulfs a macromolecule, forming a vesicle? Endocytosis
What is diffusion? Movemenet of molecules from an area of High concetraion of low concentration.
Explain the results of a sodium-potassium pump working across a membrane. Sodium moves out of the cell and potassium moves in.
What is the energy-capturing stage of photosynthesis? Light reactions
What are the products of the light reactions? Energy in the form of ATP carried by the NADPH to the next cycle, the Calvin Cycle.
Where does the oxygen released by photosynthesis come from? Oxygen is a byproduct of the process of photosynthesis and is released to the atmosphere through the stomata.
What is the significance of the electron transport chain? They carry electrons throughout the photosynthesis process
What are the reactants required for photosynthesis H2O, CO2, and the Energy from the Sun.
What are the products of photosynthesis? C6H12O6, O2
What are the products of alcoholic fermentation Wine
Why do your muscles get sore after vigorous exercise  Lactic acids build up in your muscles during strenuous exercises because the oxygen can not get to the cells.
What is the purpose of fermentation? the NAD+ is recycled so that is can be reused in the glycolysis process.
Where does the citric acid cycle take place? It's within the Mitochondria
Write the chemical reaction for the overall process of cellular respiration. C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---> 6CO2 + 6H2O
Which is more efficient, aerobic or anaerobic cellular respiration? Aerobic celluar respiration
What are the important electron-accepting enzymes in cellular respiration? NAD+
What is chemiosmosis? Chemiosmosis is the movement of ions across a selectively permeable membrane, down their electrochemical gradient.
List the types of passive transport? Diffusion, ion channels, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, move molecules in the direction of the lowest concentration of the molecule and do not require energy.
Created by: LittleBlonde
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