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Microbiology set 1

Exam 1

QuestionAnswer
Leeuwenhoek? Made the simple microscope?
Robert Hooke? Created the compound microscope
J. M. Berkeley (1845): Potato Blight of Ireland caused by a fungus (Phytophthora infestans)
Pasteur silkworm disease etiology caused by a protozoan
Helicobacter pylori & Oral streptococci gastric / stomach ulcers; stomach cancer Heart valve diseases
Semmelweiss Childbirth fever deaths hand washing in OB ward
Joseph Lister antiseptic techniques for surgery; carbolic acid (phenol) is still used as an index of effectiveness of antiseptics (phenol coefficient)
Ivanovski Tobacco mosaic virus
Robert Koch Made nutrient rich media from extracts from natrual materials such as meat and plant materials. koch posstulates.
3 Main Domains in Microbacteria? bacteria, archaea, eukarya
types of bacteria blue/green algae and cyanobacteria
types of archaea Halophilic Methanogenic Acetogenic
what does Halophilic, Methanogenic, Acetogenic mean? Halophilic (can tolerate salty environments) Methanogenic (produce methane) Acetogenic (acetic acid producers)
types of eukarya fungi, algae, protozoa
how are fungi characterized Sexual reproductive mode Morphology Biochemistry Ecology
how are algae characterized pigment colors
how are protozoa characterized mode of motility
examples of sub-viral entities? viroids and prions
sizes of viruses, bacteria, protozoa Viruses- 0.03-.3 um Bacteria- .1-10um Protozoa and fungi- 4-40um
swan neck flask bent glass rod leading into a test tube and significantly slows down the action of bacteria spreading through into the test tube.
sawn neck flask help prove that growth is not spontaneous
taxonomy name for tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis
taxonomy name for anthrax Bacillus anthracis
koch postulate #1 Microbe present in every case of the disease but absent in healthy hosts
koch postulate #2 Suspected microbe can be isolated and grown in pure culture
koch postulate #3 Same disease must be produced when a healthy host is inoculated with that microbe
koch postulate #4 Same microbes must be isolatable from the newly diseased host
Imitations of Koch’s postulates? Viable but non culturable microbes and unethical testing
genetic material in pro and eukar pro: usually found in single circular chromosome eukar: found in paired chromosome
location of genetic material n pro and eukar pro: nuclear region (nucleoid) eukar: membrane-enclosed nucleus
nucleolus n pro and eukar pro: absent eukar: present
histones n pro and eukar pro: absent eu:present
mitotic spindle n pro and eukar pro: absent eu: present
plasma membrane n pro and eukar pro: lacks sterols eu: contains sterols
internal membranes n pro and eukar pro: only in photosynthetic organism eu: numerous membrane-enclosed organelles
endoplasmic reticulum n pro and eukar pro: absent eu: present
respiration (ATP) n pro and eukar pro: at cell membrane eu: in mitochondria
golgi n pro and eukar pro: absent eu: present
lysosomes n pro and eukar pro: absent eu: present
peroxisomes n pro and eukar pro: absent eu: present
ribosomes n pro and eukar pro: 70s eu: 80s in cytoplasm and on endoplasmic reticulum, 70s in mitochondria
cytoskeleton n pro and eukar pro: absent eu: present
cell wall n pro and eukar pro: peptidoglycan, LPS and teichoic acid eu: none in most eukaryotic cells, chitin in fungal cells
external layer n pro and eukar pro: capsule or slime layer eu: none in most eukaryotic cells, pellicle or shell in certain parasites.
cilia n pro and eukar pro: absent eu: present in certain cell types
pili n pro and eukar pro: present eu: absent
flagella n pro and eukar pro: present eu: present in certain cell types
cell division n pro and eukar pro: binary fission eu: mitosis or meiosis
reproduction mode n pro and eukar pro: asexual eu: sexual or asexual
Created by: kort
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