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Wood Ch13 Flashcards
Endocrine System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Progesterone | sex hormone that regulates menstrual cycle, maintains pregnancy, and promotes lactation |
| Estrogen | regulates menstrual cycle, pormotes lactation, maintains pregnancy, establishes the female shape. |
| Oxytocin | inhances the contraction of the uterus and stimulates the production and ejection of milk in response to an infant. |
| Cortisol | protien breakdown, glucose formation, breakdown of tryglycerides, decrease inflammation |
| Epinephrine | Fight-or-flight, and works mainly in the heart |
| Norepineohrine | Same as epinephrine, but works evrywhere but the heart. |
| ADH | causes kidnes to retain more water, decreasing urine volume. |
| T3 and T4 | controls basal metaolic rate, body energy use |
| Glucagon | increase blood glucose levels when they fall below normal |
| Insulin | help move glucose into cells, which lowers glucose level when they fall. |
| FSH | Stimulates the reproductive organs to produce follicles, and stimulates sperm production in males. |
| PRL | Prolactin. begind the production of milk by mammary glands. |
| hGh | Human growth hormone. controld the production of IGFs(insulin like growth factors) |
| neuropaty | disease of nerves, common with diabetes |
| hypophysectomy | removal of the pituitary gland |
| diaphoresis | excessive sweating |
| acromegaly | enlarged and distorted extremities of the face |
| anorexia | loss of appitite |
| acidosis | accumulation of acids in the blood (symptom of diabeties |
| lact(o) | prefix meaning milk |
| cachexia | state of malnutrition, wasting |
| emaciation | extremely thin, wasting. |
| gangrene | death of tissue that follows low oxygen levels(civil war) |
| What are some ways that hormone secretions are controlled? | 1. Sinasl from other hormones 2. signals from the nervous system 3. chemica changes in the blood |
| Endocrine glands | secrete products into intersital fluid, the fluid surrounding the cell. Then, they can diffuse to other parts of the body. |
| Exocrine glands | secrete products into ducts that carry the products to a body cavity or ont the surface of the body |
| lipid soluble | inside the target cell |
| water soluble | outside the target cell |
| Role of target cells and receptor sites | hormones travel throught the body and only attach to the specific target cells. When it gets to the target cell, it binds to certain receptor sites |
| Type Ii Diabetes | genetic and environmental. More common than type I. Most common in people 35+ who are over weight. High Glucose levels. Target cells are less sensitive to insulin |
| Hyperinsulinism | contracted when a diabetic injests too much insulin. Hoypglycemia, disorientation, unconsciousness, insulin shock, death soon follows. |
| Addison's Disease | anarexia, mental lethargy, vomiting, hypoglycemeia, bronze skin tone, low sodium, high potassium. |
| Cushing's Disease | hypersecretion of adrenal cortex. breaks down muscle protien, redistribution of fat- spindly limbs, large hump on back, sagging abdomen, weakness, moodswings, hyperglycemia |
| Type I Diabetes | genetic and environmental. Insulin level is low because the immunes system destroys beta cells. Develops before 20 years of age and continues throughout life. |
Created by:
sarahbeth.wood
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