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Chapter 13 flashcards

QuestionAnswer
What is the function of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4? Increase basal metabolic rate
What is the function of oxytocin? Enhance contraction of muscle cells in uterus and stimulate milk ejection from mammary glands
What is the function of PRL? Initiate and maintain milk production by the mammary glands
What is the function of glucagon? Increase blood glucose level when too low
What is the function of ADH? Causes the kidneys to retain more water, thus increasing urine volume
What is the function of insulin? Decreases blood glucose level when too high
What is the function of epinephrine? Increase blood flow to heart
What is the function of hGh? Promote synthesis and secretion of small protein hormones called IGH
What is the function of cortisol? Protein breakdown, Glucose formation, Breakdown of trigylicerides, and anti-iflammatory effects
What is the function of TSH? Stimulate synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid glands
What is the function of FSH & LH? Initiate the development of follicles and triggering ovulation
What is the funcion of progesterone? Regulate menstrual cycle, maintain pregnancy, and prepare mammary glands for lactation
What is the function of estrogen? Regulate menstrual cycle, maintain pregnancy, and prepare the mammary glands for lactation
What is the function of norepinephrine? Increase blood flow to the body
Compare and Contrast how endocrin and exocrine glands work Both participate in secretion but exocrine secrete into ducts out of the body and endocrine secrete into interstitial fluid and carried throughout body
Describe the role of target cells and receptor sites Target cells are specified for a given hormone and receptor sites bind and recognize hormones
Identify the location of receptor sites for lipid soluble and water soluble hormones Either on target cell surface or on the plasma membrane
Describe 3 ways that hormone secretions are controlled Signals from nervous system, Chemical changes in blood, and Other hormones
Neuropathy Disease of nerves, common with diabetes
Hypophysectomy Removal of pituitary gland
Gangrene Death of tissue secondary to low oxygen levels
Emaciation Extremely thin, wasting
Diaphoresis Excessive sweating
Cachexia State of malnutrition, wasting
Anorexia Loss of appetite
Acidosis Accumulation of acids in the blood, symptoms of diabetes
Acromegaly Enlarged and distorted extremities of the face
Lacto Prefix meaning milk
Hyperinsulinism Causes- diabetic injects too much insulin Symptoms- decreased blood glucose level, mental disorientation, convulsions, unconsciousness, and shock
Type II Diabetes Causes- overweight, target cells become less sensitive to insulin Symptoms- high glucose levels, low insulin/high insulin
Type I Diabetes Causes- immune system destroys pancreatic beta cells Symptoms- low insulin, breakdown of trigylecerides, ketone accumulation, fatty acids produce ATP
Addisons Disease Causes- hyposecretion of glucocorticoids and aldosterone Symptoms- mental lethargy, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, hypoglycemia, weakness, low blood pressure, dehydration, elevated potassium, decreased sodium
Cushings Disease Causes- hypersecretion of cortisol by adrenal cortex, breakdown of muscle protein Symptoms- spindly arms/legs, "moon" face, "buffalo hump", hanging abs, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, weakness, mood swings
Created by: mitchlarge33
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