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Biology Unit 1a
Nutrition and Biochemistry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ionic bond | chemical bond between a metal and a non metal |
| covalent bond | chemical bond that forms between a pair of non metals |
| valence electron | the number of electrons in an atom’s outermost layer |
| coefficient | A number or symbol multiplied with a variable or an unknown quantity in an algebraic term |
| subscript | a digit or symbol that appears below the line; for example H2O |
| polar molecule | molecule in which opposite ends have opposite electrical charges |
| non-polar molecule | molecule in which opposite ends have equal electrical charges |
| intramolecular force | the attraction between atoms within the same molecule |
| intermolecular force | the attraction between neighboring atoms |
| hydrogen bonding | bond created by the weak attraction of a slightly positive hydrogen atom to a slightly negative portion of another atom molecule |
| surface tension | property of liquids caused by intermolecular forces near the surface leading to the apparent presence of a surface film |
| cohesion | the tendency for water molecules to stick together |
| specific heat | ratio of the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body one degree to that required to raise the temperature of an equal mass of water one degree |
| heat of vaporization | energy required to evaporate 1 mole or a unit mass; of a liquid at constant pressure and temperature |
| macromolecule | a very large molecule such as a protein |
| monomer | small molecular unit that is the building block of a large molecule |
| polymer | a long chain of monomers |
| condensation/dehydration reaction | the joining of monomers which in result produces a water molecule |
| hydrolysis reaction | the separation of monomers which consume a water molecule in the process |
| amino acid | monomer that makes up proteins |
| polypeptide | chain of linked amino acids |
| complex carbohydrate | long polymer chain made up of simple sugar monomers |
| starch | polysaccharide in plant cells that consists entirely of glucose monomers |
| monosaccharide | sugar containing one sugar unit |
| disaccharide | sugar with two monosaccharides |
| cellular respiration | chemical process that uses oxygen to convert chemical energy stored in organic molecules into ATP |
| cellulose | polysaccharide consisting of glucose monomers the reinforces plant-cell walls |
| glycogen | polysaccharide in animal cells that consists of many glucose monomers |
| lipid | one of a class of hydrophobic compounds |
| fatty acid | any of a class of aliphatic carboxylic acids such as palmitic acid/ stearic acid/ and oleic acid; that form part of a lipid molecule |
| phospholipid | a lipid that in its simplest form is composed of glycerol bonded to two fatty acids and a phosphate group |
| hydrophilic | attracts water molecules (water loving) |
| Hydrophobic | avoids water molecules (water fearing) |
Created by:
hannabella16
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