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patho terms quiz 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the study of changes in cell/tissue structure related to disease or death | pathology |
| the study of how disease affects body function | pathophysiology |
| haveing the ability to maintain homeostasis when exposed to normal conditions | health |
| being unable to maintain homeostasis when exposed to normal conditions | disease |
| the study of the cause of a disease | etiology |
| a disease, condition, or trait that is inherited as a result of a single gene | genetic |
| a disease, condition, or trait that is present at birth | congenital |
| a disease, condition, or trait that developed because of being exposed to something during your life | acquired |
| without a clearly idenitified cause | idiopathic |
| evidence of a disease that is objective and can be seen, measured or recorded. | signs |
| evidence of a disease that is subjective and cannot be seen, measured or recorded. | symptoms |
| the events that lead to the development of a disease and the signs and symptoms that occur as the disease progresses | pathogenesis |
| a disease that develops gradually and lasts more than 3 months | chronic |
| the lessening in severity of the symptoms of a disease | remission |
| an increase in the severity of a disease or any of its signs or symptoms | exacerbation |
| a condition that is confined to one area | local |
| a condition that affects the entire body | systemic |
| a procedure that utilizes a fiber optic camera to view structures inside of the body | endoscopy |
| the ability of an object to stop or slow radiation | radiodensity |
| a visual recording of differences in radiodensity of anatomical structure | x-rays |
| x-rays that utilize a contrast media to increase the radiodensity of selected fluids within the body, producing an image of the structures containing fluid | contrast x-rays |
| a visual recording of differences in the rate of return and intensity of sound waves reflected off the objects within the body | ultrasound |
| a recording of the electrical activity of the cardias conduction system | electrocardiograms |
| a recording of the electical activity of the brain, most often recording the cerebral cortex | electroencephalogram |
| any procedure used to measure a persons ability to move air or the capacities of the respiratory systems. often referred to as PFTs (pulmonary function tests) | spirometry |
| the use of chemicals to kill cells within the body | chemotherapy |
| the use of drugs to treat disease | pharmacologial |
| any form of treatment that relieves signs and symptoms without curing a disease | palliative |
| a prediction of the likely outcome or consequences of having a disease | prognosis |
| a consequence of a previous disease | sequela |
| a morbid process or event occuring during a disease that is not an essential part of the disease, although it may result in it | complications |
| a disease likey to cause death | terminal |
| the transfer of a harmful amount of energy. the energy may be mechanical, electrical, radiation, or thermal | trama |
| lacking in something that is essential | deficiency |
| being exposed to a toxic level of something | intoxication |
| to increase in size | hypertrophy |
| to decrease in size | atrophy |
| an increase in the rate of mitosis and therefore cell number | hyperplasia |
| a change in cell or tissue stucture | metaplasia |
| irregular cell or tissue structure | dysplasia |
| growth of cells and tissue into new areas, resulting in tumor | neoplasia |
| a protective response of tissue to injury or infection. causes an increase in blood flow and pain in the affected region, as well as leukocytosis. | inflammation |
| chemicals that cause a fever | pyrogens |
| an increase in the number of white blood cells to more than 10,000 per mm3 | leukocytosis |
| the excess fluid that accumlates at the site of inflammation. contains a high level of proteins and neutrophils when compared to normal tissue fluid | exudate |
| a thin, clear, watery fluid that accumulates at the site of inflammation | serous exudates |
| a thick, creamy white or yellow fluid that accumulates at the site of inflammation | purulent exudate |
| a response to injury or infection that leads to the production of pus | suppurative inflammation |
| replacing damaged tissue through the process of mitosis, restoring the tissue to its original condition | regeneration |
| replacing damaged tissue with scar tissue | repair |
| the binding together of two surfaces by scar tissue | adhesions |
| the over production of scar tissue that sometimes occurs in the dermis and subcutaneous layer and results in a mass of scar tissue that is often tender or painful | keloid scarring |
| the shortening of scar tissue over time or the shortening of muscle tissue as a result of fibrotic changes | contracture |
| the narrowing of any canal or opening, such as the intestine, a blood vessel, of a heart valve | stenosis |
| the process of hardening. can occur as a result of scar formation or the accumulation of deposits known as plaques | sclerosis |
| tissue death | necrosis |
| and early stage in the development of a disease or infection that is characterized by a lack of appetite and lack of energy. the time when a person feels they are "coming down with something" | prodromal stage |
| a severe, systemic allergic response that is characterized by vasodilation(drop in BP) and bronchoconstriction(difficulty breathing) | anaphylaxis |
| the immune system's constant search antigen | immunosurveillance |
| the immune system's ability to recognize and not attack normally occurring tissues within the body | immunotolerance |
| the development of an infection from the time the infectious organism enters the body until the appearance of the first clinical signs and symptoms | incubation |
| the time during an infection when clinical signs and symptoms begin to develop | acute stage |
| a nonmalignant neoplasm | benign |
| a cancerous neoplasm | malignant |
| the development of new blood vessels, especially capillaries | angiogenesis |
| proteins produced by tumor cells that can be detected in screening tests of the persons blood | tumor markers |
| a malignancy that originates in epithelial tissues | carcinoma |
| a malignancy that originates in connective tissues | sarcoma |
| a malignancy that originates within the tissue of the central nervous system | glioma |
| the process of devloping a malignant neoplasm | carcinogenesis |
| carcinogens that increase the rate of cancer cell production by activating oncogenes | initiators (of cancer) |
| carcinogens that decrease the body's ability to find and fight cancer cells by damaging tumor suppressing genes | promoters (of cancer) |
| a disease that develops and resolve rapidly | acute |
Created by:
mskiba01
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