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Esry Ch 13 Flashcard

QuestionAnswer
How is endocrine gland different from exocrine? Enod-secrets into fluid that surrounds tissue cells. Exo- secrets into ducts that then secrets into body cavities, then into luman of organ or skin.
What is a target cell? A cell that is affected by a particular hormone.
What is a receptor site? A specfic binding site for a hormone. It allows the hormone to bind to it and be reconized.
Where are receptor sites located? Lipid soluable: INSIDE target cells. Water soluable: Part of the plasma membrane of target cells.
How are secretions controlled? 1: signals from nervous systems 2: chemoical changes in the bloos 3: Other hormones
Give examples of how secretions are controlled? 1: Nerve impluses regulate the release of epinphrine 2: Blood Ca level regulates secretions of parathyoid gland 3: Hormone from ACTH stimulates release of cortisol by the adrenal cortex
What is the cause and symtoms of HYPERINSULINISM? Cause: Diabetic injects too much insuilin Symptoms: Hypoglycemia, mental disorientation, concussions, shock.
What is the cause and symtoms of TYPE 2 DIABETES? Cause: over weight, over 35, target cells arent as sensitive to insulin. SYmpt: high glucose levels can be controlled by diet and exersize
What is the cause and symtoms of TYPE 1 DIABETES? Cause:genetic and enviornmental factors Sympt: Insulin level is low b/c system destroys pancreatic beta cells
What is the cause and symtoms of Addisons disease? Cause: Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids Sympt: Mental lethargy, anorexia, bronzed skin
What is the cause and symtoms of Cushings disease? Cause:Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids, breakdown of muscle protiens Symt: redistrbution of body fat, spindly arms/legs, "moon face", mood swings
What is nueropathy? Disease of nerves that is common with diabetes
What is hypophysectomy? Removal of pituitary gland
What is gangrene? The death of tissue, secondary to low oxygen levels.
What is emaciation? Extremely thin, wasting.
What is diaphoresis? Excessive sweating
What is cachexia? Malnutrition, wasting
What is anorexia? loss of appetite
What is acidosis? Accumulation of acids in the blood that is a sympton of diabetes
What is acromegaly? Enlarged and distorted extremities of the face
Prefix lacto Meaning, milk.
Hormone LH Luteinizing Hormone Stimulates ovulation, prepares mammary glands, stimulates testosterone secretion
Insulin Hormone secreted by beta cells of pancreatic lislet, DECREASES blood glucose level
Glucagon INCREASES bloos glucose levels
Cortisol Breakdowns proteins, form glucose
Proesteron Female sex hormone produced by ovaries, prepares uterus for fertilaztion
Nor/Epinephrine Hormone secreted by adrenal medulla
Estrogen Female sex hormone, regulates menstral cycle, maintains pregnancy, prepares mammary glands
Oxytocin Ehances contraction of smooth muscle in uterus, stimulates milk enjection
Hormone IGF Insulinlike Growth Factors Maintains muscle and bone mass Similar to insulin Stimulate protein syntheis
Hormone hGH Human Growth Hormone Promote synthesis and secretion of small protein hormones
Hormone PRL Prolactin Initiates and Maintains milk production in mammary glands
Hormone PIH Supresses release of PRL
Hormone PHR Stimulates release of PRL
Hormone ADH Antidiuretic Hormone Decreases Urine production Causes kidneys to retain more water, decreases water loss through sweating.
Hormone GHRH Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Promotes secretion of Human Growth Hormone
Hormone GHIH Growth Hormone Inhibiting Hormone Supresses secretion
Hormone TSH Thyroid- Stimulating Hormone Stimulates the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones in thyroid gland
What is the difference between Hormones T3 and T4? t3 has 3 atoms of iodine t4 has 4 atoms of iodine
Created by: 2312489
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