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Ritchel Ch13 Flcards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Compare and contrast how exocrine and endocrine glands work. | Compare:they secrete substances into ducts. Contrast:endocrine-secretes products into interstial fluid, fluid surrounding the tissue cells. exocrine-secretes products into ducts that carry the secretions into body cavities, lumen of organ, body surface. |
| Describe the role of target cells and receptor sites. | target cells-a given hormone travels throuhgout the body in the blood. receptor sites-hormones have receptors that bind and recognized their target cells by chemically binding. |
| Name the location of receptor sites for lipid soluble and water soluble hormones. | lipid soluble is inside target cells, water soluble hormones are outside target cells |
| Describe 3 ways hormone secretions are controlled, cite each example. | 1.signals from nervous system-nerve impulses 2.chemical changes in the blood-blood Ca2+ regulates secretion of parathyroid hormone 3.other hormones-anterior pituitary |
| What are the symptoms and causes of Type II Diabetes? | Causes:high insulin levels in the blood for older overweight people Symptoms:sensitivity, low blood pressure |
| What are the symptoms and causes of Type I Diabetes? | Causes:insulin level is low Symptoms:byproducts of fatty acids breakdown, low blood pressure |
| What are the symptoms and causes of Addisons Disease? | Symptoms:mental lathargy, anorexia, nausea, hyperglycemia, muscular weakness Causes:hyposecretion of glucocorticoids and aldosterone |
| What are the symptoms and causes of Cushings Disease? | Causes:redistribution of body fat Symptoms:hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, weakness, hypertension, increased susceptibility to infection, mood swings |
| What are the symptoms and causes of Hyperinsulinism? | Causes:too much insulin injected Symptoms:hypoglycemia, decreased blood glucose level |
| What are the intials and functions of growth hormone releasing hormone, human growth hormone, insulinelike growth hormone,growth howmone-inhibiting hormone | GHRH promotes the secretion of human growth hormone, HGH which causes the production of insulinlike growth hormones, IGH that stimulates body cells to duplicate. GHIH lowers blood glucose levels and regulates GHRH and GHIH secretion. |
| What are the names and functions of TSH and TRH? | Thyroid-stimulating hormone, stimulates the release of hormones from the thyroid gland using a negative feedback loop while being controlled by Thyrotopin-releasing hormone. |
| Name the intials and functions of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, and lutenizing hormone? | GnRH stimulates release of FSH and LH. FSH stimulates reproductive organs, produce follicles stimulates sperm production in males. LH,stimulates female reproductive organs,begins ovulation, promotes estrogen and progesterone, helps for testosterone in men |
| What are the functions for Prolactin-releasing hormone, prolactin, prolactin-inhibiting hormone? Name intials as well. | PRH stimulates the release of prolactin (PRL) which initiates and maintains milk production by the mammary glands. The PIH suppresses the release of prolactin usually. |
| What is the function of oxytocin? | stimulates uterine contractions during labor, and lactation. |
| Name the function and intials for Anti Diuretic Hormone. | ADH, causes kidneys to retain more water-increasing urine volume, constricts arterioles raising BP. |
| What is the function and actual name for T3 and T4? | triiodothyronine and thyroxine (thyroid hormones):control the basal metabolic rate, body energy use, temperature, and the cell metabolism. |
| What is glucagon? | It increases blood glucose levels when they fall below normal limits. |
| What is insulin used for? | Lowers blood glucose when its high, it admits glucose into cells. |
| Name the function of cortisol. | functions in protein breakdown, glucose formation, breakdown of trigycerides, anti-inflammatory effects, depression of immune responses. |
| What is Epinephrine? | Increases functions for Fight or Flight syndrome, works mainly on the heart. |
| Where does NorEpinephrine work and what does it do? | Increases functions for Fight or Flight syndrome, but workds on the rest of the body |
| What is the function of estrogen? | female sex hormones, regulates the menstrual cycle, maintains pregnancy, prepares mammary glands for lactation. |
| What is the function of progesterone? | female sex hormones, regulates the menstrual cycle, maintains pregnancy, prepares mammary glands for lactation. |
| lact(o) | prefix meaning milk |
| acromegaly | enlarged and distorred extemities of the face |
| acidosis | accumulation of acids in the blood (symptom of diabetes) |
| anorexia | loss of appetite |
| cachexia | state of malnutrition, wasting |
| diaphoresis | excessive sweating |
| emaciation | extremely thin, wasting |
| gangrene | death of tissue secondary to low oxygen levels |
| hypophysectomy | removal of pituitary gland |
| neuropathy | disease of nerves, common with diabetes |
Created by:
kelsyritchel
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