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Biology-diversity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 ways to classify species called: | Species concepts |
| 3 species concepts | Morphological, Biological, and Phylogenetic |
| Morphological species concept | focuses on body, shape, size, and other structural features |
| Biological species concept | focuses on the ability of organisms to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring. |
| Phylogenetic species concept | focuses on the phylogeny, evolutionary history of organisms |
| The international system of naming organisms was developed by: | Carl Linnaeus. |
| Carl's system is: | binomial nomenclature |
| Binomial nomenclature is: | scientific name ALWAYS underlined. First name: genus name (capitalized) Second name: species name |
| Define classification | grouping together of things |
| Scientists who specialize in studying the relationships among organisms | taxonomists |
| Study of classifying organisms | Taxonomy |
| Taxonomists place each organism in specific groups called: | taxons |
| catagories range from: | most inclusive to least inclusive |
| name 8 catagories from broadest to narrowest D,K,P,C,O,F,G,S | Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species |
| Over 2000 years ago, all living things were divided into two groups: | Plantae & Animalia |
| Aristotle called each group | kingdom |
| Organisms that were neither plants nor animals were pur into a third kingdom: | Protista |
| Mushrooms and moulds were in the plant kingdom but switched to: | Fungi |
| Kingdom after Fungi | Bacteria |
| Bacteria cells lack... | a nucleus and other organelles |
| Organisms that only lived in harsh environments were in the final kingdom: | Archaea |
| Organisms can be either: | Autotrophs or heterotrophs |
| autotrophs: | an organism that obtains energy by making its own food |
| heterotrophs: | an organism that obtains energy by consuming other organisms |
| Do domains rank higher than kingdoms? | yes |
| Three domains: | 1.Bacteria 2. Archaea 3. Eukarya(fungi, plants, and animals) |
| Define Dichotomous key | A system for narrowing down the identification of a specimen, one step at a time. |
| Goal of taxonomy: | determine the evolutionary history of groups of organisms |
| 3 types of info to determine relatedness among organisms | Evidence from... Anatomy, Physiology, and DNA |
| Phylogenetic trees based on | phylogeny or evolutionary history |
| Closely related organisms are classified together with all organisms that share... | a common ancestor |
| phylogenetic tree | branching diagram used to show the evolutionary relationships among species |
| cladogram | branching diagram that resembles a phylogenetic tree |
Created by:
xTea
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