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EarthScience final

EarthScience midterm

QuestionAnswer
Two glasses of water are sitting in front of you. One with 100ml of water, one with 200ml of water. these 2 substances will always have the same 1)density 2)mass 3)volume 1) the same density. Any 2 of the same substance, no matter the quantity, will have the same density.
As pressure increases Density increases
As temperature increases density decreases
When water is frozen: 1) it condenses 2) it expands 3) it stays the same 2) it expands
Most changes in the environment: 1)are cyclic 2) are random 3) are done by mother nature, a pretty lady who lives in the clouds and controls the weather with her magical hands 1) most changes in the environment are cyclic
Water is densest at 1) 4C, a solid 2) 0C, as a solid 3) 100C, as a gas 4) 4C, as a liquid 4) water is densest at 4C, when it is a liquid. If you picked 1, your stupid and I tricked ya! hahahaha! 0C is the highest temp of water as a solid silly! If ya picked 2, just no.... If you picked 3, I have eternal privileges of making fun of you!
The true shape of the Earth is a 1) square 2) sphere 3) oblate spheroid 4) circle 3) the true shape of the Earth is an OBLATE SPHEROID.
The best shape you could use to show what the Earth LOOKS LIKE is a: Sphere.....
The altitude of Polaris (if your on the northern hemisphere) equals your: 1) Latitude 2) Longitude 3) your height 1) the altitude of Polaris equals you Latitude, stupid!
Latitude lines go (1)________ to (2)_______ , but measures how far above or bellow you are from the (3)_______ (1)east (2)west (3)equator
Longitude lines go (1)______ to (2)_______ (1) north (2) south
SO, Longitude (and also time) is based on observations of: 1) the clouds 2) your pie 3) the sun 4) your mom! 3) the sun! That was an easy one!
The closer the isolines/contourlines/isobars/isotherms, the _________. the steeper the slope or gradient
The Earth rotate from _____ to _____. The Earth rotates WEST to EAST.
The Earth ROTATES __________. The Earth REVOLVES__________. It takes ______ days for a full revolution around the sun! counterclockwise counterclockwise 364 1/4 days
ALL celestial object appear to move to the _____. West
The moon has different phases because of the _____ at which we view its surface. ANGLE
Planets APPEAR to go _________/_______ as the Earth passes them in space backwards/retrograde
THE SUMMER SOLSTICE Date: Hours of daylight: Sun rises _____ of east Vertical ray on _____(N or S) (AKA:______) June 21st 16 hours of daylight sun rises north of east vertical ray on 23 1/2 north on the tropic of cancer
THE WINTER SOLSTICE Date: Hours of sunlight: Sun rises ____ of east vertical ray on ____ (N or S) (AKA:_______) December 21st 8 hours of daylight Sun rises south of east 23 1/2 south Tropic of Capricorn
EQUINOXES Vernal: Autumnal: Hours of day light: Sun rise _________ Vertical rays on _______ Vernal: March 21st Autumnal: September 23rd 12 hours of daylight sun rises due East Vertical ray on equator
the Equator always has _____ hours of daylight 12
The lower the latitude of the sun, the ______ the shadow it casts Longer
The 2 evidences that the earth rotates: 1) Foucault's Pendulum 2) Coriolis Effect EXPLAIN BOTH Foucault's Pendulum: a pendulum that appears to change it's direction of swing Coriolis Effect: because of Earths rotation, air and other stuff deflects to the right in the Northern Hemisphere
The Earth is closer to the sun in the _________. Winter
The closer a planet is to the sun, the (faster or slower) it"s orbit. Faster
GEOCENTRIC What is it? The earth is the center of the universe
HELIOCENTRIC What is it? Sun is the center of the SOLAR SYSTEM!
Black (absorbs or reflects) light? Absorbs
Black (absorbs or reflects) light? Reflects
Conduction what is it and give an example Heat transfer threw solids like when you touch a hot stove!
Convection What is it and give an example! Heat transfer through fluids and gasses due to density differences Like a CONVECTION oven!
Radiation What is it and give an example! Heat transfer through space light
Cold stuff (rises or sinks)? sinks
Hot stuff (rises or sinks)? rises
Enery moves from areas of ______energy to ______energy High to low
Kinetic energy? Increases with? The energy of motion Velocity
Potential Energy? Increases with? Stored or energy at rest Increases with height
How much does the temperature change at a phase change? lol! trick question! There is no temperature change at a phase change!
Infrared has ______ wave length LONG
Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (absorb or reflect) infrared radiation? Absorb
Good absorbers of radiation are good (reflectors or radiators). Radiators
Hottest part of the year? July and August! remember the time lag! That's why its not July! it takes a while for everything to heat up....
Hottest part of the day 1-2 PM! remember the lag! That's why its not 12 noon
As temperature increases, air pressure ________ and hot air_______ As temperature increases, air pressure DECREASES and hot air RISES.
As moisture content increases, air pressure ________, clouds form and rising air DECREASES
With altitude, air pressure ________! Air pressure DECREASES with altitude
What pressure system is COOL and DRY? A HIGH air pressure system is cool and dry
What pressure system is WARM and WET? A LOW air pressure system is warm and wet
Wind is due to? Wind is due to air pressure differences.
wind blows for where to where? Wind blows from high to low pressure areas.
Wind is names for its? Wind is named for it's direction it is coming from.
Low are regions of convergence. what the heck is CONVERGENCE!? It basically means that the winds are moving counterclockwise
High are regions of divergence. What the heck is DIVERGENCE!? It basically means that the winds move clockwise....
The closer the air temperature is to the dew point.... .... The greater the chance of precipitation.
Weather moves from _____ to _____. WEST to EAST
Cold fronts move the (FASTEST or SLOWEST)? Cold fronts move the FASTEST!
many changes in nature are_____? Cyclic (an event which repeats itself)
The accepted answer is the calculated percent deviation, while the measured is __________ Subject to error
Dynamic equilibrium means? Balance
Carbon 14 does what? dates recent living objects
Uranium 238 does what? Dates very old rocks
Intrusions and faults are younger/older than the rock they are in... younger
Undisturbed strata... the oldest part is? oldest!
Index fossils are good what? good time markers (widely spread, lived a short time)
Can the half life of a radioactive element be changed? Nope!!
Mountains are formed by what? Uplifting
What are the tree main types of faults? Convergent, Divergent, and transform
What is continental drift? Th theory that continents not only float on top of deeper layers, but are able to slowly move the way ice-flows do in the Arctic ocean
What moves plates? Convection currents in the mantle
How many seismometer stations are needed to triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake. 3
P-waves can pass through 1)liquids 2)Solids 3)both 4)neither 3, both liquids and gasses
What can S-waves travel trough? Only solids
What is faster, S-waves or P-waves? P-waves
Tranches are? A place where earth is being destroyed. In a subduction zone
Mid-ocean ridge? Where new earth is being formed. Where sea floor is spreading
What is a humid landscape Smooth with round slopes
What is a arid landscape? Steep slopes with sharp angles
The silicon (Si) oxygen (O) tetrahedron is the building block of ___________, the most abundant in earth's _______. Silicate materials, crust
What are metamorphic rocks like? They have banded-distorted structures.
Igneous Rocks? They cool fast:have ____ crystals Cool slowly: have ______ crystals They cool fast:have small crystals Cool slowly: have large crystals
What are continental crust made of? Granite
What are oceanic crust made of? Basalt
Mineral properties depend on? internal atomic arrangment
When a rock is broken into smaller pieces, surface area is _________ and weathering ______. Increases, increases
4 types of drainage pattern related to the underlaying regional geology? Dendritic (random), Rectangular, Radical and trellis (block) (think of tetris for this one!!!)
Unconformity is what? buried erosion surface that represents a gap in the rock record
Isostasy? Earths crust in equilibrium
Water sorts sediments _____ and what size settles first? vertically heavy, round, dense particles
Velocity is ______ on the out side of meander bends greatest
Velocity depends on the ____ and _____ Slope and discharge
_____ is the #1 agent of erosion in NYS Streams
______ is the force that drives erosion gravity
Physical weathering dominates in what weather? Cold, humid climates
Chemical weathering dominates in what weather? Hot, humid climates.
_______ cooling occurs as rising air expands. The air expands because the pressure is _______. Adiabatic, decreasing
EP (potential evapotranspiration) depends on _________? temperature
_________ increase when particle size decreases Capillarity
As particle sizes increase, __________ increases Permeability
True or false? the particle size determines the porosity FALSE!
WHen air rises, what does it do? It expands and cools
What fronts move the fastest? cold fronts.
How do occludes fronts form? When a cold front overtakes a warm front
With the passage of a warm front, the temperature and humidity _____, and the pressure __________. Increase, decrease
With the passage of a cold front the temperature and humidity _____, and the pressure __________. decrease, rises
The closer the temperature is to the dew point, the greater the chance of _________? Precipitation
Blue shift? Objects get closer
red shift? Objects get further away...
Created by: 100003190485012
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