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Duncan Bio Ch. 8-9 c
Cellular Respiration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the purpose of cellular respiration? | to turn food into ATP energy for cells |
| What kind of organisms do cellular respiration? | plants and animals |
| Where do animals get the raw materials to do cellular respiration? | glucose: from the food they eat oxygen: from breathing the air (O2 produced by plants) |
| Where do plants get the raw materials to do cellular respiration? | glucose: produced from photosynthesis oxygen: produced from photosynthesis |
| what are the 3 reactions of cellular respiration? | 1. glycolysis 2. krebs cycle 3. electron transport chain |
| What happens in glycolysis? | glucose is split into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid. This requires 2 ATP and converts NAD+ into NADH |
| Where does glycolysis happen? | in the cytoplasm |
| What happens in Krebs Cycle? | Pyruvic acid is transported into the mitochondria and broken down. This releases CO2 as a waste product and the electron carriers NADH and FADH2 |
| Where does the Krebs Cycle happen? | mitochondria |
| What happens in the Electron Transport Chain? | Electron carriers are used to make ATP, H+ ions combine with O2 to make water. This is the main ATP production step |
| Where does electron transport chain occur? | Mitochondria |
| How many overall USABLE ATP are made from one glucose molecule going through cellular respiration? | 36 ATP: 2 net from glycolysis 2 from Krebs cycle 32 from Electron Transport Chain |
| If oxygen is not available, how can organisms make energy? | lactic acid fermentation (animals) alcoholic fermentation (yeast and microorganisms) |
| How does exercise affect your rate of cellular respiration? | it causes cellular respiration to increase (more CO2 output) |
| What is the chemical formula for cellular respiration? | C6H12O6 + 6O2 ----> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP ENERGY |
| what is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? | aerobic requires oxygen (Krebs cycle and ETC) anaerobic does not require oxygen (glycolysis and fermentation) |
| What is the difference between a Calorie and a calorie? | a calorie is the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1 degree Celsius. A Calorie is 1000 calories. Calorie is reported on food labels |
| What is calorimetry? | Burning a portion of food to calculate the amount of heat gained by a known amount of water in order to calculate the number of Calories in the food |
| What is fermentation? | making energy from food when there is no oxygen available |
| Is fermentation aerobic or anaerobic? | Anaerobic:does not require oxygen |
| What are the 2 different kinds of fermentation? | alcoholic respiration: done by yeast and microorganisms lactic acid fermentation: done by animals |