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Chapter 14 Genetics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are cells? | Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. This means that cells form the parts of an organism and carry out all of an organism’s processes, or functions. |
| How did the invention of the microscope contribute to knowledge about living things? | The invention of the microscope enabled people to discover and learn about cells. |
| What is the cell theory? | All living things are composed of cells. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. All cells are produced from other cells. |
| How do microscopes produce magnified images? | The lenses in light microscopes magnify an object by bending the light that passes through them. Electron microscopes use a beam of electrons instead of light to produce a magnified image. |
| What role does the cell membrane play in a cell? | The cell membrane controls what substances come into and out of a cell. |
| What is the function of the nucleus? | acts as the “brain” of the cell. You can think of the nucleus as the cell’s control center, directing all of the cell’s activities. |
| How are cells organized in many-celled organisms? | In many-celled organisms, cells are often organized into tissues, organs, and organ systems. |
| How do bacterial cells differ from plant and animal cells? | A bacterial cell has a cell wall and cell membrane, but no nucleus. |
| What were the results of Mendel’s experiments, or crosses? | Individual factors control the inheritance of traits in peas. The factors that control each trait exist in pairs. Female parent contributes one factor and the male parent contributes the other. Finally, one factor in a pair can hide the other factor. |
| What controls the inheritance of traits in organisms? | An organism’s traits are controlled by the alleles it inherits from its parents. |
| What is probability and how does it help explain the results of genetic crosses? | Probability is the likelihood that a particular event will occur. In a genetic cross, the allele that each parent will pass on to its offspring is based on probability. |
| What is meant by genotype and phenotype? | An organism’s phenotype is its physical appearance. An organism’s genotype is its genetic makeup. |
| What is codominance? | In codominance, the alleles are neither dominant nor recessive. |
Created by:
nicholas_tisci
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