Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or

show password
Forgot Password?

Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or

Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account.
Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.


Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

HCT Med-Surg Acid/Ba

HCT Med-Surg Acid/Base imbalance

QuestionAnswer
Normal pH blood 7.35 - 7.45
Intracellular fluid K (potassium) 65%
Extracellular fluid 35% (9% intravascular, 26% interstitial)
Normal Na range 135 - 145 mEq/L
Hyponatremia <135 mEq/L
Hypernatremia >145 mEq/L
Normal K (potassium) 3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L
Hypokalemia <3.5 mEq/L
Hyperkalemia >5.0 mEq/L
Normal serum Ca (calcium) 4.5 - 5.6 mEq/L
Normal total Ca (calcium) 9.0 - 10.5 mg/dL
Ca is split between serum and total? 50/50
50% of Ca is bound to protein
Hypocalcemia <9.0 mg/dL (total) <4.5 (serum) mEq/L
Hypercalcemia >10.5 mg/dL (total) >5.6 mEq/L (serum)
Ca requires Vitamin D for absorption
Ca plays a role in blood clotting, muscle function, nerve impulse tran & cell membrane permeability
Na regulates fluid balance through osmotic pressure
K is major electrolyte in intracellular fluid
Na is major electrolyte in extracellular fluid
Na stimulates conduction of nerve impulses & helps maintain neuromuscular activity
Mg+ (magnesium) normal range 1.5 - 2.5 mEq/L
Hypomagnesemia <1.5 mEq/L (most commonly chronic alcoholism)
Hypermagnesemia >2.5 mEq/L (uncontrolled diabetes, ketoacidosis), antacids
PO4 (phosphate) normal range 1.7 - 2.6 mEq/L
Hypophosphatemia <1.7 mEq/L (most commonly respitory alkalosis, intense prolonged hyperventilation)
Hyperphosphatemia >2.6 mEq/L (most commonly renal failure)
Cl (chloride) normal range 95 - 106 mEq/L
Hypochloremia <95 mEq/L (most commonly vomiting, gastric suction, gastric surg)
Hyperchloremia >106 mEq/L (dehydration)
Buffer attempt to maintain normal pH range.
Osmosis diffusion of water higher to lower concentration
Filtration dissolved substances forced through cell membranes by hydrostatic pressure
Diffusion molecules, gases, liquids or solids from higher to lower concentration
Hypotonic solution cells swell
hypertonic solution cells shrink
Isotonic solution cells do not change
Skin fluid loss insensible 300 - 400 mL/day same as lungs
Total fluid loss/day 2,500 mL/day
Lung fluid loss insensible 300 - 400 mL/day same as skin
GI tract 200 mL/day in feces
Kidney fluid loss 1,200 - 1,500 mL/day
Kidney's play a major role in maintaining fluid balance
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) posterior pituitary gland reabsorb water
Aldosterone adrenal cortex reabsorption of Na
PCO2 or PaCO2 carbon dioxide (partial pressure of)
HCO3 bicarbonate
PCO2 normal range 35 - 45 mmHg at sea level
Respitory acidosis decreased blood pH, increased CO2
Respitory alkalosis increased blood pH, decreased CO2
Metabolic acidosis decreased blood pH, HCO3 & CO2
Metabolic alkalosis increased blood pH, HCO3 & CO2
Most common indicator of fluid volume deficiency thirst
Normal HCO3 (bicarbonate) 24-28 mEq/L
Normal BUN (blood urea nitrogen 5-25 mg/dL
Normal Creatinine 0.5 - 1.5 mg/dL
Normal Protein 6.0 - 8.0 g/dL
Normal albumin 3.5 - 5 g/dL
Blood < 7.35 acidosis
Blood > 7.45 alkalosis
PCO2 > 45 respiratory acidosis
PCO2 < 35 respiratory alkalosis
HCO3 > 26 metabolic alkalosis
HCO3 < 22 metabolic acidosis
COPD Resp. acidosis
sedative or barb. OD Resp. acidosis
pneumonia Resp. acidosis
Atalectasis Resp. acidosis
Resp. acidosis incr. resp, hypotension, weak & thready pulse, tachycardia, warm/flushed skin, h/a, decreased LOC, drowsiness
Hyperventilation Resp. alkalosis
Hypoxia Resp. alkalosis
Fear, fever, pain Resp. alkalosis
exercise, anxiety over vent Resp. alkalosis
Diabetic Ketoacidosis Metabolic acidosis
Lactic acidosis Metabolic acidosis
Starvation Metabolic acidosis
Severe diarrhea Metabolic acidosis
Shock Metabolic acidosis
Severe vomiting Metabolic alkalosis
Excessive NG suctioning Metabolic alkalosis
Diuretic therapy Metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic alkalosis increased heart rate, hypotension, atrial tachcardia, dizziness, respiratory failure, irrability, confusion, tetany, muscle cramps, seizures
Metabolic acidosis Hypotension, cold clammy skin, dysrhythmias, kussmaul's , drowsiness, h/a, confusion, N&V
Resp. alkalosis increased heart rate, syspnea, chest tightness, tetany, seizures, anxiety, panic
Created by: seang
Popular Nursing sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards