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Inheritance001

QuestionAnswer
trait -a variation of a particular character
genetics the study of heredity
cross-fertilization process by which sperm from one flower's pollen fertilized the eggs in a flower of a different plant
allele(s) -alternate forms of genes
homozygous offspring of two differnt true-breeding varieties
monohybrid cross a pairing in which the parent plants differ in only one characteristic
phenotype an observable trait
genotype the genetic makeup or combination of alleles
dihybrid cross crossing organisms differing in two characteristics
polygenic inheritance when two or more genes affect a single character
codominance inheritance pattern in which a heterozygote expresses the distinct traits of both alleles
principal of segregation -introduced by Gregor Mendel
Law of segregation allele pairs segrate during gamete formation, and randomly unite at fertilization
Homozygous having identical alleles at corresponding chromosomal
Heterozygous having dissimilar alleles at corresponding chromosomal
autosome one of the 22 pairs of chromosomes excluding the sex chromosomes
chromatin combination of proteins and nucleic acids that make up chromosomes
chromosome threadlike structure consisting of chromatin. genes are arranged along chromosomes
diploid having 2 copies of each chromosome. in humans the diploid number is 46
dominant allele that is expressed in the same way in single copy (heterozygote) as in double copy (homozygote)
locus chromosome location of a specific gene
mutation alteration in a genomic DNA sequence that is heritable
X-linked refers to genes that are located on the X-chromosome
Created by: CrisssJ
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