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TL Cholinergics
Cholinergic
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How do cholinergic agonists work? | They stimulate cholinergic receptors on target organs. They mimic acytelcholine. |
| What system is activated by cholinergics? | the parasympathetic nervous system |
| Name four cholinergic drugs (BCCP). | bethanechol, carbachol, cevimeline, pilocarpine |
| Why is it that cholinergics are rarely ever administered IM or IV? | They are broken down almost immediately by cholinesterase and they work rapidly and can cause a cholinergic crisis. |
| What is a cholinergic crisis? | A drug overdose resulting in extreme muscle weakness and possibly paralysis of the respiratory muscles |
| How are cholinergic usually administered? | Topically (eye drops), Orally, or Sub-Q (Sub Q works faster than oral) |
| How are cholinergics metabolized and eliminated? | They are metabolized by cholinesterase in the muscarinic and nicotinic receptor sites, in the plasma, and in the liver. They are excreted by the kidneys. |
| What effects can be achieved by activating acytelcholine receptors ( 7) ? | Salivation, bradycardia, dilation of blood vessels, constriction of bronchioles, increased GI tract activity, increased tone and activity of the bladder muscles, constriction of the pupils |
| Give four therapeutic uses for cholinergics. | atonic bladder, postoperative/postpartum urine retention;promote peristalsis in GI disorders like postoperative abdominal distention and GI atony; Reduce eye pressure (glaucoma or surgery); salivary gland hypofunction as in radiation therapy or Sjogren’s |
| Say Sjogren’s | Show grins |
| What drugs if taken with cholinergics could lead to boost the effects of cholinergics and increase risks for toxicity? | Anticholinesterases |
| What types of drugs could keep cholinergics from working effectively? | Anti-cholinergics like atropine, belladonna, and scopolamine) |
| What antiarrythmic drug reduces the effectiveness of cholinergics? | Quinidine |
| Since adverse effects associated with cholinergics have to do with activation of receptors of the parasympathetic nervous system, what adverse effects would you anticipate? | N&V, cramps & diarrhea, blurred vision, bradycardia, decreased BP, Shortness of breath, urinary frequency, increased salivation and sweating |
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Perseverandovercome
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