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Exam 1 Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Controlled Experiment | it allows to create a situation so that it has one variable. |
| Control Group | The group that stays the same, nothing is manipulated to change |
| Experimental Group | The group that is tested and munipulated to change |
| Independent Variable | whats been manipulated |
| Dependent variable | the result from what has been manipulated |
| Theory | a concept that creates data and is biased |
| Hypothesis | an educated guess that is just an opinion |
| Scientist | challenges and test principles to determine the cause effect relationship |
| Non Scientist | may not be able to test principles |
| Physical Science | Chemistry, meterology |
| Life Science | Biology |
| Atomic # | number of protons |
| Weight | equal to the # or protons and neutrons |
| Ionic Bonds | bond formed as a result of an atom giving up electrons to another atom |
| Covalent Bonds | results of atoms sharing electrons |
| Oxidation-Reduction | when an atom looses an electron but gains it back |
| Dehydration synthesis | Large molecule created by H20 coming off of a monomer to breated a polymer |
| Hydration synthesis | a large molecule (polymer) is broken apart by adding a H2O molecule to create a monomer |
| Phosphorylation | adding PO4 molecule |
| Characteristics of Water | Liquid at room temperature,universal solent, good transport medium, gradual change in temperature, high heat of vaporization, water is denser than ice |
| Organic Compound | have hydrogen and carbon, CH2O |
| Inorganic compound | does not have hydrogen and carbon, O2 |
| Primary Structure Level | sequence of amino acid (peptid chain) |
| Secondary Structure Level | the squecne of the peptid chain out into a pattern |
| Tertiary Structure Level | Peptid chain folds into a 3 dimensional shape |
| Quaternary Stucture Level | Peptid Chain that has primary-tertiary levels already created |
| Nucleotide | 5 carbon sugar and a molecule with a nytrogen base |
| Progaryotic Cell (plant cell) | Has no nucleus |
| Eukaryotic Cell (animal cell) | has nucleus and membrane |
| Diffusion | The movement of molecules from a region of large consentration to a region of small consentration |
| Osmosis | The net movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane. |
| Hypotonic | Water is taken in by the molecule till it burs the concentration around it is high |
| Hypertonic | Water is taken out of the molecule and it shrivels up the concerntration outside is small |
| Isotonic | the molecule and it's environment is the same |
| Facilitated diffusion | Cells that need help with moving a molecule from a larger consentration to a region of smaller concentration |
| Diffusion | movement of molecules from a region of greater consentration to a region of smaller concentration |
| Phagocytosis | (eating)ingulfing of large amounts of material |
| Pinocytosis | (drinking) emgulfing liquids and dissolve material into liquids |
| Metabolism | Chemical reactions that happen in a cell, breaking and making of molecules |
| Anabolic | adding elements and bonds between molecules |
| Catabolic | Reactions that involve molecules breaking apart, then energy is released |
| Enzymes | The are proteins that speed up the rate of a reaction |
| Coenzymes | (NAD) help enzymes carry electron and hydrogen.they are also two enzymes put together |
| Glycolysis | breakdown of glucose to a pyruic acid, yields 2 ATP and 2 NADH; occurs in cytoplasm; |
| Transition Reaction | the pyruic acid is oxidized to acetyl while NAD is reduced to NADH |
| Krebs Cycle | Produces ADP, ATP, NAD ( but looses CO2), and FAS (looses CO2), occurs in mitochondrial matrix; |
| Electron Transport System | COnsists of electron carrier molecules embedded in the membrane, involves a series of oxidation-reactions,produces 2 ATPs, produces the most ATPs |
Created by:
Shelby Johnson
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