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Respiration
Patho 2291
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Function of the larynx | connects upper and lower airways |
| Structures of the upper airways (2) | nasopharynx, oropharynx |
| Structures of the lower airways (3) | trachea, bronchi, terminal bronchioles |
| Structures of the conducting airways (3) | trachea, segmental bronchi, non-respiratory subsegmental bronchioles |
| Structures of the respiratory unit (2) | respiratory subsegmental bronchioles, alveolar ducts |
| Function of type 1 alveolar cells | alveolar structure |
| Function of type 2 alveolar cells | surfactant production |
| Four layers of alveolar-capillary membranes | alveolar epithelial wall type 1 cells, alveolar epithelial basement membrane, capillary basement membrane, endothelial cells of capillary |
| Define ventilation | mechanical movement of gas or air into and out of the lungs |
| Define minute volume | venilatory rate multiplied by the volume of air per breath |
| Define alveolar ventilation | gas exchange |
| The four factors that influence ventilation | alveolar surface tension, elastic properties of the lung and chest wall (elastic recoil, compliance), airway resistance, work of breathing |
| Major muscles of inspiration (2): | diaphragm, external intercostals |
| Accessory muscles of inspiration (2): | sternocleidomastoid and scalene muscles |
| Accessory muscles of expiration (2): | abdominal and internal intercostal muscles |
| Neurochemical control lung receptors (3) | irritant receptors, stretch receptors, j-receptors |
| Neurochemical control chemoreceptors (2) | central chemoreceptors, peripheral chemoreceptors |
| Elastic properities of the lung and chest wall (2) | elastic recoil, compliance |
| Carbon dioxide is transported via (3) | dissolved in plasma, bicarbonate, carbamino compounds |
| Haldene effect | PO2 influences what happens to CO2 |
Created by:
klawrence00
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