Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Apologia Bio Mod. 8
Definitions for Apologia Biology - Module #8 (2nd Edition)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| True breeding | If an organism has a certain characteristic that is always passed on to its offspring, we say that this organism bred true with respect to that characteristic |
| Mendel's four principles of genetics (Part 1) | 1. The traits of an organism are determined by packets of information called "factors." 2. Each organism has not one, but two factors that determine its traits |
| Mendel's four principles of genetics (Part 2) | 3.In sexual reproduction, each parent contributes ONLY ONE of its factors to the offspring. 4. In each definable trait, there is a dominant factor. If it exists in an organism, the trait determined by that factor will be expressed. |
| Allele | One of a pair of genes that occupies the same position on homologous chromosomes |
| Genotype | Two-letter set that represents the alleles an organism possesses for a certain trait |
| Phenotype | The observable expression of an organism's genes |
| Homozygous genotype | A genotype in which both alleles are identical |
| Heterozygous genotype | A genotype with two different alleles |
| Dominant allele | An allele that will determine phenotype if just one is present in the genotype |
| Recessive allele | An allele that will not determine the phenotype unless the genotype is homozygous in that allele |
| Restatement of Mendel's principles (Part 1) | 1. The traits of an organism are determined by its genes. 2. Each organism has two alleles that make up the genotype for a given trait |
| Restatement of Mendel's principles (Part 2) | 3. In sexual reproduction, each parent contributes ONLY ONE of its alleles to its offspring 4. In each genotype, there is a dominant allele. If it exists in an organism, the phenotype is determined by that allele |
| Pedigree | A diagram that follows a particular phenotype through several generations |
| Monohybrid cross | A cross between two individuals, concentrating on only one definable trait |
| Dihybrid cross | A cross between two individuals, concentrating on two definable traits |
| Autosomes | Chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual |
| Sex chromosomes | Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual |
| Antigen | A protein that, when introduced in the blood, triggers the production of an antibody |
| Autosomal inheritance | Inheritance of a genetic trait not on a sex chromosome |
| Genetic disease carrier | A person who is heterozygous in a recessive genetic disorder |
| Sex-linked inheritance | Inheritance of a genetic trait located on the sex chromosomes |
| Mutation | A radical chemical change in one or more alleles |
| Change in chromosome structure | A situation in which a chromosome loses or gains genes during meiosis |
| Change in chromosome number | A situation in which abnormal cellular events in meiosis lead to either none of a particular chromosome in the gamete or more than one chromosome in the gamete |
Created by:
ChemChristy
Popular Biology sets