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Scie.Sem1Chap.3

Science semester one final chapter 3 vocab

QuestionAnswer
What is a rock? Any solid mass of mineral or mineral- like matter that occurs naturally as part of our planet
What are the three major types of rocks Igneous, Metamorphic, sedimentary
What changes rocks from one type to another? Interactions amoung earths water, air and land
Rock cycle continues process that explain how rocks change forms
Magma molten material that forms below earths surface
How does igneous rock form? When magma cools and hardens beneath the earths surface
lava magma that reaches the surface
weathering process in which rocks are physically and chemically borken down by water air and living things
sediments weathered peices of earth
What forms sedimentary rock? sediments being compacted and cemented
What forms metamorphic rock? Extreme pressure and temperature conditions
What processes form igneous and metamorphic rock? Earths interior
What processes form Sedimentary rock External Proccesses
Intrusive Igneous rocks rocks that form when magma hardens beneath Earths surface
Extrusive Igneous rocks when lava hardens
What are the characteristics used to classify igneous rocks? Texture and Composition
coarse-grain texture results from slow cooling results in large crystals
fine-grained texture rapid cooling of magma or lava results in rocks with small interconnected mineral grains
glassy texture not enough time for network of crystals to form results in this
porphyritic texture rocks with very different-size mineral experience different rates of cooling
granitic composition rocks made up of light colored silicate minerals (quartz and feldspar) main minerals
Basaltic composition rocks that contain dark silicare minerals and plagioclase feldspare
andesitic composition rocks with a composition between granitic and basaltic rocks
ultramafic composed of almost entirely of dark silicate minerals.
What are the types of textures used to identify igneous rocks? Coarse grain texture, fine grain texture, glassy texture und porphyritic texture.
What are the types of composition used to identify igneous rocks? Granitic composition, basaltic compositio, andesitic composition, und ultramafic
What is Erosion involves weathering and moving of rock
What happens when sediments lose energy? deposition- dropping of sediments
Compaction a process that squeezes or compacts sediments
cementation dissolved minerals are deposited in the tiny spaces among sediments
How are sedimentary rocks classified? Into two groups-clastic sedimentary rocks-chemcial sedimentary rocks
clastic sedimentary rock rocks made up of weathered bits of rocks and minerals
chemical sedimentary rocks dissolved minerals precipitate from water solutions
What information do unique features on sedimentary rocks show? how, when and where rocks formed
Metamorphism changing form
What happens during contact metamorphism? hot magma moves into rock
Where do most metamrphic changes occur? at high pressures/ temperatures (few kilometer below surface-extended into upper mantle.)
What happens during regional metamophism? large scale deofrmation and high grade metamorphism.
What are the agents of metamophism? heat, pressure and hydrothermal solutions
hydrothermal solutions hot water base solution escape from a mass of magma
Texture of metamorphic rocks can be _________________ or ____________________. foliated;nonfoliated
foliated metamorphic rock rock has a banded appearance
nonfoliated metamorphic rock rock that doesnt have banded texture
Created by: Tjover
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