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7th grade
final exam review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| waxing | illumination getting larger |
| waning | illumination getting smaller |
| illumination | the amount of light |
| crescent | when the moon is less than half the way |
| gibbous | when the moon is more then half way |
| what are the 8 moon phases? | first quarter, waxing crescent, full moon, waning crescent, last quarter, waning gibbous, new moon, waxing gibbous |
| what is a phase? | the different appearances of the moon due to its changing positions |
| why does the moon have cyclical phases? | The moons changing position relative to earth and the sun, As the moon revolves around earth,solar energy reflects off the side of the moon that faces earth. |
| why do the sun and the moon appear to move across the sky each day? | Earth's rotation on its axis |
| What is happening when the Earth's shadow falls on the moon? | Lunar Eclipse |
| when does the polar region get almost 24 hours of night? | winter |
| waht causes the sunlight to hit earths surface differently? | different lattitudes |
| where on earth will the temperature and amount of daylight stay about the same year-around? | at the equator |
| where will the temperature be cooler because sunlight is spread over a larger area? | at the north and south pole |
| during the winter in the U.S., which hemisphere gets less dayllight hours? | northern hemisphere |
| during the summer in the U.S. , which hemisphere gets more daylight hours? | northern hemisphere |
| compare the temeratures and length of days during th winter months in the norther hemisphere to the southern hemisphere. | during the winter months in the northern hemisphere the southern hemisphere has higher temperatures and longers days |
| where do plants and animals get energy? | plants: the sun; animals: the plants |
| descrive cellular respiration. | it is the breakdown of food using oxygen |
| what is the equathion for cellular respiration? | C6 H12 O6+6O2-->6CO2+6H2O+energy |
| what are the products of the cellular respiration? | carbon dioxide, water, energy |
| what type of energy is released during cellular respiration? | heat energy |
| where does cellelar respiration take place? | mitochondria |
| describe photosynthesis. | plants making food |
| what is used in photosynthesis? | water, light, carbon dioxide |
| what are the products of photosynthesis? | glucose and oxygen |
| what does photosynthesis mean? | made by light |
| what molecules in the plants cells absorb light? | chorophyll |
| where does photosynthesis take place? | chloroplast |
| what is the equation for photosynthesis? | 6CO2+6H2O+ light energy |
| what are factories? | chloroplasts are analogous(similar) |
| what are the stages of exocytosis? | 1) large particle are packed in vesicles 2)the vesicle fuses w/ the cell membrane 3) the cell releases the particle |
| what are the stages of endocytosis? | producers are the source of energy for consumers without producers, consumers wouldn't live |
| why are prodcuers important to the survival of all other organisms? | after the chromosomes are copied through mitosis |
| when does the parent cell divide during asexual reproduction in eukaryotes? | 23 |
| how many chromosomes does a human sex cell have? | there are 2parents that combine their chromisomes which means more variety in offspring |
| sex cell | an egg or sperm that carries half the amount of chromosomes of other cells |
| probability | the mathematical chance that an event will happen |
| homologous pair | a pair of chromosomes with similar information |
| meiosis | cell division that produce sex cells |
| evolution | the process by which populations inherit physical changes over time |
| mutation | changes in an organisms DNA |
| natural selection | when organisns with specific traits survive and reproduce at a greater rate than the organisms without those traits |
| what did mendal call the trait that seems to fade nto the backround in his genetic crosses? | recessive trait |
| what is the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction | asexual= 1 parent & sexual = 2 parents |
| genes are part of ___ that give instructions to the cell for expressing traits. | DNA |
| How are genes and inherited traits similar and how are they different | Genes are the instructions from which traits are inherited |
| What is the probability of the phenotypes and genotypes of crossing 2 heterogeneous genes? | Genotypes BB=25%; Bb=50%. bb=25% |
| Explain asexual reproduction results in more-diverse offspring than asexual reproduction | In asexual reproduction the cells are just copied from the parent. In sexual reproduction the geners from the 2 parents are combined to make a new individual w/its own genetics combination |
| Domintan traits | The trait that appears (CAPITOL LETTER) |
| Recessive traits | The trait that fades into the background (lower case letters) |
| What is the Human sex cell | (blank) |
| How many chromosomas does it have the sex cell? | 23 |
| What are the 4 steps of human selection | Over production, Genetic variation, struggle to survive, successful reproduction |
| Why some animals survive adulthood and other don't | They inherited traits that help them to survive |
| Where does the genetic material that s responsible for dominant and recessive traits ca be found in the cells? | (blank) |
Created by:
jlvon425
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