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Ch7 volcanoes

volcanoes

QuestionAnswer
magma chamber pocket of magma below a volcano
pipe of volcano magma moves upward from magma chamber
vent opening; lava and gas exit volcano
lava flow area covered by lava as it pours out of a vent
crater bowl-shaped area forms at top of volcano around central vent
quiet eruption low in silica; low viscosity; flows easily
explosive eruption high in silica; high viscosity; may not flow out of crater; breaks lava into pieces that cool quickly (pyroclastic)
pyroclastic ash (small), cinders (pebble sized) bombs (basketball to small car)
Active volcano volcano that is erupting or shows signs of erupting
dormant volcano expected to awaken and erupt in future
extinct volcano dead; unlikely to erupt again
tiltmeter instrument; measures small horizontal changes
Shield volcano lava flows build gradually; form wide gently sloping mountain
Cinder Cone Volcano high viscosity; ash, cinders build up around vent; steep
Composite volcano tall, cone-shaped; build up of lava in layers
lava plateau eruptions form plateaus; thin, runny lava spreads out; many layers
Caldera Huge hole left by collapse of volcano
Ring of Fire volcanic belt formed by volcanoes that rim the Pacific ocean
Viscosity physical property; resistance of liquid to flow
Silica compound; oxygen and silicon; one of most abundant materials in Earth's crust (50 - 70%)
Created by: lbrown831
Popular Earth Science sets

 

 



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