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Gene Expression
AP Biology - Regulation of Gene Expression
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In bacterial and phage DNA, a sequence of nucleotides near the start of an operon to which an active repressor can attach. The binding of the repressor prevents RNA polymerase from attaching to the promoter and transcribing the genes of the operon. | operator |
| A unit of genetic function found in bacteria and phages, consisting of a promoter, an operator, and a coordinately regulated cluster of genes whose products function in a common pathway. | operon |
| A small molecule that binds to a bacterial repressor protein and changes the protein's shape, allowing it to bind to the operator and switch an operon off. | corepressor |
| A protein that binds to DNA and stimulates gene transcription. In prokaryotes, activators bind in or near the promoter; in eukaryotes, activators generally bind to control elements in enhancers. | activator |
| A phenomenon in which expression of an allele in offspring depends on whether the allele is inherited from the male or female parent. | genomic imprinting |
| A segment of eukaryotic DNA containing multiple control elements, usually located far from the gene whose transcription it regulates. | enhancer |
| A giant protein complex that recognizes and destroys proteins tagged for elimination by the small protein ubiquitin. | proteasome |
| The cellular and tissue-based processes by which an animal body takes shape. | morphogenesis |
| The progressive restriction of developmental potential in which the possible fate of each cell becomes more limited as an embryo develops. At the end of determination, a cell is committed to its fate. | determination |
| Any of the master regulatory genes that control placement and spatial organization of body parts in animals, plants, and fungi by controlling the developmental fate of groups of cells. | homeotic genes |
| A maternal effect gene that codes for a protein responsible for specifying the anterior end in Drosophila melanogaster. | bicoid |
| A normal cellular gene that has the potential to become an oncogene. | proto-oncogene |
| A tumor-suppressor gene that codes for a specific transcription factor that promotes the synthesis of proteins that inhibit the cell cycle. | p53 gene |
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