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U3L02 Mendel
AP Biology - Mendel and the Gene Idea
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An observable heritable feature that may vary among individuals. | character |
| Referring to organisms that produce offspring of the same variety over many generations of self-pollination. | true-breeding |
| The true-breeding (homozygous) parent individuals from which F1 hybrid offspring are derived in studies of inheritance; P stands for “parental.” | P generation |
| Any of the alternative versions of a gene that may produce distinguishable phenotypic effects. | allele |
| An allele whose phenotypic effect is not observed in a heterozygote. | recessive allele |
| An allele that is fully expressed in the phenotype of a heterozygote. | dominant allele |
| Having two identical alleles for a given gene. | homozygous |
| The genetic makeup, or set of alleles, of an organism. | genotype |
| The situation in which the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable. | complete dominance |
| The situation in which the phenotype of heterozygotes is intermediate between the phenotypes of individuals homozygous for either allele. | incomplete dominance |
| The situation in which the phenotypes of both alleles are exhibited in the heterozygote because both alleles affect the phenotype in separate, distinguishable ways. | codominance |
| A heritable feature that varies continuously over a range rather than in an either-or fashion. | quantitative character |
| Referring to a phenotypic character that is influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors. | multifactorial |
| In genetics, an individual who is heterozygous at a given genetic locus for a recessively inherited disorder. The heterozygote is generally phenotypically normal for the disorder but can pass on the recessive allele to offspring. | carrier |
| A human genetic disease caused by a dominant allele; characterized by uncontrollable body movements and degeneration of the nervous system; usually fatal 10 to 20 years after the onset of symptoms. | Huntington’s disease |
| A technique associated with prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid is obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus. The fluid and the fetal cells it contains are analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus. | amniocentesis |
| A technique associated with prenatal diagnosis in which a small sample of the fetal portion of the placenta is removed for analysis to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus. | chorionic villus sampling |
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